Ni 2 P/ZnS (CdS) core/shell composites with their photocatalytic performance
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ARTICLE Ni2P/ZnS (CdS) core/shell composites with their photocatalytic performance Shuling Liu,a) Yueyan Wang, Lanbing Ma, and Hongzhe Zhang College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, People’s Republic of China; and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China (Received 20 April 2018; accepted 11 July 2018)
Ni2P/ZnS and Ni2P/CdS core/shell composites were synthesized using a simple two-step route at a low temperature. We used X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and so on to characterize their composition, structure, and morphology. The characterized results show that Ni2P/ZnS and Ni2P/CdS core/shell composites consist of Ni2P microsphere core and ZnS (or CdS) nanostructure shell, and CdS nanorods and ZnS nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of Ni2P microspheres, respectively. Then choosing methylene blue (MB) as a typical organic dye, the photocatalytic degradation activities of Ni2P/ZnS and Ni2P/CdS are investigated, which exhibit a good photocatalytic activity. When the concentration of MB solution is 1 105 mol/L and the mass of the added photocatalyst is 0.05 g, it is found that two composites have enhanced photocatalytic degradation ratios (89 and 78%) compared to that of Ni2P microsphere (65%), which might be due to the effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.
I. INTRODUCTION
Recent years, a tremendous increase has been developed in the scientific and technological interest in photocatalysis to solve the world’s energy and environmental pollution problems.1,2 To date, various photocatalysts have been widely studied for water splitting and pollutant degradation, such as TiO2, g-C3N4, ZnO, MoS2, and so on.3–6 CdS and ZnS (Eg 5 2.42 and 3.7 eV) have attracted considerable attention because their band gap width decreases with increasing temperature, luminescence properties, wide range of conductivity variation, and excellent photoelectric conversion properties. Normally, these two materials can be obtained easily by a simple chemical method with low price and low temperature, so they are always used to design and develop much higher efficient semiconductor composite photocatalysts.7 Especially, CdS (or ZnS)-based semiconductor composites with a core/shell structure played a significant role in the fields of microelectronics, optoelectronics, optical devices, and photocatalysis. Many core/shell CdS or ZnS-based composites have been reported in photocatalysis. For example, Chen et al.8 synthesized ZnO–CdS core/shell nanorods with a wide absorption range by an ion exchange approach, presenting an enhanced a)
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2018.269 J. Mater. Res., 2018
light-harvesting ability in both the UV and visible light range, which leads to improved photocatalytic performance as compared to bare ZnO. Reddy et al.9 reported CdS/
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