Nitrogen-fixing potential of Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss in arid and semi-arid areas of Iran
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Nitrogen‑fixing potential of Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss in arid and semi‑arid areas of Iran Sayed Hamid Matinkhah1 · Habib Yazdanshenas2 · Mojtaba Sheikhizadeh2 Received: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Nitrogen content was estimated in rhizosphere of legume Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss along with Berberis integerrima Bunge as control in sandy loam soils of arid and semi-arid areas in Middle East every 2 years (2013–2019). Lepidium sativum seed was also cultivated in soil of shrubs rhizosphere for monitoring its performance and N content. Maximum rates of 1.05% year−1 and 1.54% year−1 for soil organic nitrogen (ON) and 0.50% year−1 and 0.66% year−1 for mineral nitrogen (MN) were observed in H. halodendron rhizospheres in arid and semi-arid areas, respectively. Moreover, the highest L. sativum performance occurred in H. halodendron rhizosphere. Significant relation also was observed between N content of L. sativum and N content of shrubs rhizosphere (p 2 cm} (%) Sand (%) Silt (%) Clay (%) pH EC (ds/m)
2.2 Plant species
P (Mg/Kg)
Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss and Berberis integerrima Bunge are two dominant plant species covering a wide area of the dry ecosystems in the Middle East. These species create a shelter for fauna, improve environmental conditions, supply forage, and conserve and enrich the soil and flora of these areas. H. halodendron is a species of legume native to North Asia and Iran. It is a wild deciduous flowering spiny shrub growing to 2 m in height [21]. B. integerrima is a spiny shrub that grows to a height of 1–3 m and is found throughout the temperate and subtropical regions of the world [22].
CaCO3 (%)
Vol:.(1234567890)
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03591-4
CaSO4 (%) OC (%) K (Mg/kg) Soil texture
Soil depth
Mute
Ardeste
d1* d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 d1 d2 –
39.70 ± 7.22A 45.50 ± 7.40A 58.95 ± 8.05B 65.96 ± 9.40A 21.19 ± 4.42B 19.70 ± 4.70A 19.68 ± 4.22B 14.33 ± 7.02A 8.55 ± 0.40A 8.21 ± 0.24 A 1.12 ± 0.12A 0.86 ± 0.10A 32.61 ± 3.12A 36.01 ± 4.03A 18.67 ± 4.42A 23.40 ± 5.32A 2.58 ± 0.58A 3.12 ± 0.40A 3.11 ± 0.18Ans 1.23 ± 0.05B 629.13 ± 25.08B 557.67 ± 0.12B Sandy loamy
37.50 ± 6.95Ans 48.67 ± 8.15Ans 31.80 ± 3.25A** 73.80 ± 12.64Ans 32.60 ± 9.13A* 13.08 ± 7.55B* 35.66 ± 6.25A** 13.15 ± 2.64Ans 7.13 ± 0.15B* 8.00 ± 0.10Ans 0.78 ± 0.10B* 0.49 ± 0.03B** 29.67 ± 5.22Ans 21.22 ± 3.13B** 16.33 ± 5.41Ans 22.22 ± 6.32Ans 0.80 ± 0.65 B** 0.50 ± 0.44B** 3.66 ± 0.12Ans 2.72 ± 0.01A** 671.73 ± 32.55A* 616.93 ± 26.45A** Sandy loamy
*d1 = 0–20 cm, d2 = 20–40 cm, **: Significant at 1% confidence, *: Significant at 1% confidence, ns: not significant. Similar letters had no significant difference at first and second soil layers (p ≤ 0.05)
SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:1772
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03591-4
canopy cover ( m2/plot), density (number/plot), and basal area (cm2/plot)} of the shrubs were measured in plots. 2.3.2 Measuring nitrogen fixation
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