Nitrogen Mineralization and Sugarcane Growth in Soils Fertilized with Vinasse
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Nitrogen Mineralization and Sugarcane Growth in Soils Fertilized with Vinasse Amanda Manduca Rosa da Silva1 Mara Cristina Pessoˆa da Cruz1
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Iva˜ Guidini Lopes2
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Lucas Boscov Braos1,3
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Received: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 June 2020 Ó Society for Sugar Research & Promotion 2020
Abstract Ethanol production is responsible for the generation of significant amounts of vinasse, a liquid organic waste that contains high concentrations of nitrogen (N). Its direct application in the soil is widely performed in agriculture, but the vinasse N transformations that occurs in the soil remains poorly understood. This study aimed at evaluating N mineralization after applying vinasse doses (0, 75 and 150 m3 ha-1) in soils with distinct textures (sandy, sandy clay and clayey). The absorption of N by sugarcane plants was also evaluated in a pot experiment, combining the same factors (doses and soils) considered in the mineralization experiment, aiming at correlating the quantities of mineralized N with the N absorbed by the plants. In the first 42 days of incubation, N immobilization was observed in all soils and vinasse doses, with higher values of mineralized N being registered in the first 14 days in the sandy soil. Furthermore, an increase in the potentially mineralizable N was observed in all soils, when increasing doses were considered, while the half-life time augmented with the escalation of the clay content in the soils. A positive correlation between absorbed N and the dry matter of sugarcane plants was found, while negative correlations & Amanda Manduca Rosa da Silva [email protected] 1
Departamento de Solos e Adubos, Faculdade de Cieˆncias Agra´rias e Veterina´rias da Unesp, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900, Brazil
2
Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP CEP 14884-900, Brazil
3
Instituto Federal de Educac¸a˜o, Cieˆncia e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Campus Machado, Rodovia MachadoParaguac¸u, km 3, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
were observed between absorbed N and mineralized N after 42 days, and between absorbed N and potentially mineralizable N. Keywords Nitrogen Immobilization Organic waste Soil fertility
Introduction Significant amounts of organic wastes are generated in ethanol production with emphasis on vinasse, a liquid residue obtained after the fractional distillation of sugarcane juice. Throughout the process, for each liter of ethanol, 10 to 15 L of vinasse are generated (Da Silva et al. 2012). It is estimated that over 2019/20, the Brazilian cultivation area with sugarcane was 8.48 million hectares, with a production of 642.7 million tones, figures that place Brazil as the largest world producer (Conab 2019). In addition, it was estimated that the Brazilian sugarcane– ethanol production was of approximately 33.8 million litters (Conab 2019); thus, about 338–507 billion liters of vinasse were generated. The most common destination of this organic was
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