Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation Theory, Evidence, and Clinical Pr

This comprehensive resource brings together the most current theories, evidence and best practice parameters  for the use of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (nNIV).  Chapters focus on the application of acute and chronic nNIV in patients with

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Robert C. Basner • Sairam Parthasarathy Editors

Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation Theory, Evidence, and Clinical Practice

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Editors Robert C. Basner Professor of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center Director, Cardiopulmonary Sleep & Ventilatory Disorders Center Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, NY USA

Sairam Parthasarathy Associate Professor University of Arizona Medical Center Tucson, AZ USA

ISBN 978-1-4899-7623-9     ISBN 978-1-4899-7624-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-7624-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015950067 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Editor’s Preface

“Nocturnal noninvasive ventilation”: the term, rightly, is at once compelling and confusing; the current state of the art reflects this. Imperative indeed is the need for better appreciation of the background and theory of noninvasive ventilation, and its optimal application both awake and in sleep. For the art and science of noninvasive ventilation is a “black box” even among the most well-taught and intuitive of our clinicians and researchers, particularly when the “nocturnal” imperatives (usually, read “sleep”) are considered, or at least should be considered. What is the history of such ventilation, what is the current biologic and clinical evidence base, and what are the lessons of these for current standards of practice of this critical health-care modality? What are the clinical conditions and medical settings which should, and must, be met with noninvasive ventilation (e.g., acute or chronic hypoventilation syndromes and settings in which hypoventilation and cardiorespiratory status can be improved or at least sustained); in which physiologic state is such ventilation best applied (e.g., awake, asleep, and b