Non-accidental Trauma

This chapter describes the characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in cases of non-accidental trauma. It also explains the general management of children with suspected non-accidental trauma.

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Pediatric Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

Amr Abdelgawad  •  Osama Naga Marwa Abdou Editors

Pediatric Orthopedics and Sports Medicine A Handbook for Primary Care Physicians Second Edition

Editors Amr Abdelgawad Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn, NY USA

Osama Naga Children's Pediatric Practice El Paso, TX USA

Marwa Abdou Department of Pediatrics NYC Health + Hospitals/Kings County Brooklyn, NY USA

ISBN 978-3-030-48137-7    ISBN 978-3-030-48138-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48138-4 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my parents, my wife, and my children. –Amr Abdelgawad To all authors who contributed to this edition. –Osama Naga To my family and to all readers who use this knowledge to help children all over the world. –Marwa Abdou

Preface

It is our honor to present the second edition of Pediatric Orthopedics and Sports Medicine: A Handbook for Primary Care Physicians to our readers, which is designed to be a quick and practical resource for pediatricians, family medicine physicians, residents, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and medical students and all other health care providers caring for pediatric population with musculoskeletal disorders. This book is a concise, clinically oriented and readily available resource to study common pediatric musculoskeletal diseases and sports medicine injuries. The book will help you to decide whether to treat the condition or refer it to the specialist. The second edition kept the same interesting and easy-to-follow format that the first edition had. We tried to stay away from long paragraphs and controversial statements. The information in the book is presented