Non-thermal plasma-enhanced low-temperature catalytic desulfurization of electrolytic aluminum flue gas by CuO-ZrSnO 4 :
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Non-thermal plasma-enhanced low-temperature catalytic desulfurization of electrolytic aluminum flue gas by CuO-ZrSnO4: experimental and numerical analysis Zhiyuan Ning 1 & Lianshuang Jiang 1 & Zeyue Wang 1 & Rui Huang 1 & Zhenyu Zhang 1 & Qiulin Zhang 2 & Ping Ning 2 Received: 23 March 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Catalytic desulfurization is favored for its ability to desulfurize low concentrations of SO2 by generating sulfur without the need for flue gas conditioning or additives. Maintaining reaction efficiency at a low temperature would justify the industrial scale use of this method. To that end, in this study, we modified a previously reported highly efficient CuO-ZrSnO4 catalyst and investigated its desulfurization performance. The non-thermal plasma (NTP) method was used to enhance the low-temperature efficiency of the catalyst. The desulfurization rate was significantly improved without generating excess heat or by-products in the low-output mode of post-plasma-catalysis-type (PPC-type) dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). In addition, we studied the physicochemical properties of the catalyst (pore structure, physical structure, morphology, electronic properties, and chemical state) under plasma enhancement conditions. The catalyst loaded with 20 wt% Cu and aged at 40 °C exhibited optimum desulfurization performance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the analysis of plasma-enhanced catalytic desulfurization under low-temperature conditions. Keywords Low temperature catalytic . Plasma-enhanced catalytic . Aluminum flue gas desulfurization . Catalyst modification . DBD discharge
Introduction In 2017, Chinese electrolytic aluminum production reached 39.51 million tons (International Aluminium Institute 2019). An estimated 8–12 million Nm3 of flue gas is generated during the production of 1 t of aluminum, which means that 3.2 trillion Nm3 of flue gas is generated by this industry each year in China. The typical aluminum flue gas composition and emission limits
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09602-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ping Ning [email protected] 1
School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming 650000, China
2
Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingmingnan Road 727, Kunming 650000, China
are specified in the Aluminum Industry Pollutant Emission Standards and are listed in Table S1 (Zhuxian 2008). According to Table S1, electrolytic aluminum flue gas contains highly toxic carbon monoxide, and no effective gas purification technology exists for its removal. Feng et al. (Wang et al. 2006; Feng et al. 2016) found that the CO in flue gas can be used to directly reduce SO2 to sulfur. According to Park et al. (Han et al. 2008, 2009), the proce
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