Nonideal double-slope effect in organic field-effect transistors
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Front. Phys. 16(1), 13305 (2021)
Topical review Nonideal double-slope effect in organic field-effect transistors Ming-Chao Xiao1,2 , Jie Liu2 , Yuan-Yuan Hu3,† , Shuai Wang1,‡ , Lang Jiang2,# 1
Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 2 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 3 Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China Corresponding authors. E-mail: † [email protected], ‡ [email protected], # [email protected] Received July 20, 2020; accepted August 22, 2020
With the development of device engineering and molecular design, organic field effect transistors (OFETs) with high mobility over 10 cm2 ·V−1 ·s−1 have been reported. However, the nonideal doubleslope effect has been frequently observed in some of these OFETs, which makes it difficult to extract the intrinsic mobility OFETs accurately, impeding the further application of them. In this review, the origin of the nonideal double-slope effect has been discussed thoroughly, with affecting factors such as contact resistance, charge trapping, disorder effects and coulombic interactions considered. According to these discussions and the understanding of the mechanism behind double-slope effect, several strategies have been proposed to realize ideal OFETs, such as doping, molecular engineering, charge trapping reduction, and contact engineering. After that, some novel devices based on the nonideal double-slope behaviors have been also introduced. Keywords organic field effect transistors, nonideal double-slope effect, mobility
Contents 1 2
Introduction Mechanisms of nonideal double-slope OFETs 2.1 Contact resistance effects 2.2 Charge trapping effects 2.3 Disorder effects and Coulombic interactions 3 Strategies for reducing the nonideal behaviors 3.1 Doping and molecular engineering 3.2 Reducing charge trapping 3.3 Contact engineering 4 Utilizations of nonideal OFETs 5 Conclusions and outlook Acknowledgements References
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1 Introduction Organic electronics has attracted extensive attention for their unique properties, such as light-weight, flexibility, low-cost solution-processability, and molecularly des∗ Special
Topic: Organic Semiconductors and OFETs (Eds. Hong Meng & Guangcun Shan). This article can also be found at http://journal.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/ s11467-020-0997-x.
ignable ability for special photoelectric performance [1– 18]. A mass of applications based on organic electronics have been developed such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and organic memories [2, 19–24]. Among them, OFET is one of the fundamental elements for organic electronics, and a powerful tool to develop h
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