Norman Kings of Sicily and the Rise of the Anti-Islamic Critique Bap

This book is an investigative study of Christian and Islamic relations in the kingdom of Sicily during the eleventh and twelfth centuries. It has three objectives. First, it establishes how and why the Norman rulers of Sicily, all of whom were Christ

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NOR MAN K INGS OF SICILY AND T HE R ISE OF T HE AN TI-ISLAMIC CR ITIQU E Baptized Sultans

Norman Kings of Sicily and the Rise of the Anti-­Islamic Critique

Joshua C. Birk

Norman Kings of Sicily and the Rise of the Anti-Islamic Critique Baptized Sultans

Joshua C. Birk Smith College Northampton, USA

ISBN 978-3-319-47041-2    ISBN 978-3-319-47042-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-47042-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016962716 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © imageBROKER / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my parents, Raye Birk and Candace Barrett, whose steadfast love and support helped make this book possible

Acknowledgments

I am indebted to a number of institutions which helped make this research possible. Medieval Academy of America as well as both the History Department and Graduate Division of the University of California provided the financial research to craft the dissertation that served as the foundation for this book. Thank you to the librarians and archival staff at the Archivio di Stato di Palermo, Archivio Storico Diocesano di Palermo, Archivio Storico Diocesano di Catania and Biblioteca Centrale della Regione Siciliana who demonstrated enormous patience with and offered invaluable advice to a confused American graduate student attempting to navigate the Sicilian archives. The National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Academy in Rome, Eastern Illinois and Smith College offered the resources, time and support to complete this manuscript. A vast number of friends contributed their thoughts and ideas to this book. I want to give special thanks to Maureen Miller, Joana Drell, Kim Bowes, Jonathan Coit, Sarah Cunnin