Norms, Competition, and Visibility in Contemporary Science: The Legacy of Robert K. Merton

Can Robert K. Merton’s seminal work in the sociology of science still offer useful insights to understand key features, trends, and challenges of science in contemporary societies? This chapter focuses on two main topics that bear particular relevance to

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nicating Science and Technology in Society Issues of Public Accountability and Engagement

Communicating Science and Technology in Society

Ana Delicado • Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten • Katarina Prpić Editors

Communicating Science and Technology in Society Issues of Public Accountability and Engagement

Editors Ana Delicado Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon, Portugal

Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland

Katarina Prpić Institute for Social Research Zagreb, Croatia

ISBN 978-3-030-52884-3 ISBN 978-3-030-52885-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52885-0

(eBook)

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Contents

1

Introduction: How the Sociology of Science and Technology Addresses Science and Society Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ana Delicado

1

Part I Scientists’ Research Practices and Responses to Societal Demands 2

3

4

5

Norms, Competition, and Visibility in Contemporary Science: The Legacy of Robert K. Merton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Massimiano Bucchi

17

Re-distributing Responsibility in Transdisciplinary Knowledge Production and Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas Völker

39

How Do Scientists Doing Animal Experimentation View the Co-evolution Between Science and Society? The Swiss Case . . . . . . Fabienne Crettaz Von Roten

59

Science-Society Relations in a Context of Technological Change: How Scientists Working on Renewable Energy Technologies Perceive Their Role in the Energy Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luís Junqueira

Part II 6

7

79

Science

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