Notions of architecture in fog computing
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Notions of architecture in fog computing Zoltán Ádám Mann1 Received: 4 March 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Fog computing is becoming a popular paradigm for bringing the advantages of the cloud nearer to the network edge. This way, computational tasks can be offloaded from end devices to nearby fog nodes, thus benefiting from high computational power and low latency at the same time. Architecture plays a central role in fog computing. Many papers on fog computing address architectural questions. However, a closer look reveals that different papers use the term “architecture” for very different concepts. This is rooted in the multi-disciplinary nature of the fog computing paradigm. The different communities involved in fog computing—network, hardware, system software, application software—all use the term “architecture,” but with different meaning. To facilitate the mutual understanding of architectural issues in fog computing, this paper introduces a conceptual framework for reasoning about architecture in fog computing. This conceptual framework uses three independent dimensions to describe architecture. Based on the three architecture dimensions, several architecture views can be defined to serve the different viewpoints of the involved disciplines, and to highlight different aspects of the architecture. The conceptual framework is validated using a literature mapping study. Keywords Fog computing · Edge computing · Architecture · Software architecture · Hardware architecture · Network architecture Mathematics Subject Classification 68M01
1 Introduction In recent years, fog computing (also called edge computing) has emerged as a promising new paradigm for offering computation and storage services in a distributed way [6]. Fog computing uses, in addition to centralized cloud data centers, a large number
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Zoltán Ádám Mann [email protected] paluno – The Ruhr Institute for Software Technology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Z. Á. Mann
of resources with smaller capacity near the network edge, called fog nodes [28]. Data processing tasks that require real-time processing of data from end devices can be performed by nearby fog nodes, leading to low transmission latency [62]. Because of its advantages, fog computing has been the subject of intensive research [5,32,45]. Fog computing builds on and combines several existing research areas, including cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), distributed cloud computing, mobile cloud computing, content delivery networks, services computing etc. As a result, researchers of very different background (networks, cloud, software, services, security etc.) are working on fog computing. Architecture plays a central role in fog computing [27]. Several authors regard fog computing as a specific type of architecture, talking about the “fog architecture” or the “fog computing architecture” [15]. Others propose specific architectures for some aspects of fog computing [61]. Although the term “architecture” is used in the
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