Novel Leakage Detection and Localization Method Based on Line Spectrum Pair and Cubic Interpolation Search
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Novel Leakage Detection and Localization Method Based on Line Spectrum Pair and Cubic Interpolation Search Guancheng Guo 1 & Xipeng Yu 1 & Shuming Liu 1 Xiaoting Wang 1 & Yujun Huang 1 & Kate Smith 1
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& Xiyan Xu & Ziqing Ma &
Received: 28 March 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
Leakage detection in water distribution systems (WDS) is critical to ensuring the security of urban water supplies. Acoustic detection methods have been used for leakage detection in water utilities, but ambient noise in real cases interferes with their detection accuracy, and the localization process in meshed or looped pipe networks requires significant computational costs. To increase the effectiveness of acoustic detection methods in practical applications, the current work proposes a novel leakage detection and localization method. This method extracts line spectrum pairs (LSP) of leakage signals and uses a random forest (RF) model to detect leaks; then, a cubic interpolation search (CIS) algorithm is developed to locate leaks. The LSP-based leakage detection method shows a clear advantage over the detection methods based on linear prediction coefficients (LPC) and time or frequency domain features. The proposed leakage detection method achieves 99.45% accuracy. In the case of −5 dB, the detection accuracy reaches 93.89%. The CIS algorithm is found to be more stable and shows a faster convergence speed than a commonly used graph-based search algorithm. The localization error is low (i.e., 2.22 m to 9.99 m). The LSP-CIS combined algorithm provides a more effective solution for leakage detection and localization. Keywords Water distribution system . Leakage detection . Graph-based localization . Line spectrum pair . Cubic interpolation search
1 Introduction The urban water supply network is an important part of city infrastructure, as it delivers water to residents and various industries. Water loss is a challenge for water utilities. It affects municipal services, energy consumption, drinking water safety, and environmental resources
* Shuming Liu [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Guo G. et al.
(Rayaroth 2019). Leakage is the main form of water loss and has attracted significant attention over the past two decades. Effective leakage detection in water distribution systems (WDS) is essential for improving leakage control management (Sarkamaryan et al. 2018). Leakage detection methods can be classified as signal processing-based methods and datadriven methods. Signal processing-based methods mainly rely on prior knowledge of leakage signals and ambient noise. For example, Khulief et al. (2012) used power spectral density (PSD) to analyze leakage signals; Xu et al. (2019) used short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to identify leaks; Srirangarajan et al. (2012) proved that leaks could be accurately identified using tuned wavelets. Nevertheless, the detection accuracy of these methods is reduced by randomly occurring noise, such as e
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