Numerical analysis of the formation mechanism and suppression method of the reverse flow in a semi-open centrifugal pump
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DOI 10.1007/s12206-020-0819-7
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 34 (9) 2020 Original Article DOI 10.1007/s12206-020-0819-7 Keywords: · Centrifugal pump · Reverse flow · Circumferential groove · Numerical simulation · Pressure fluctuation
Numerical analysis of the formation mechanism and suppression method of the reverse flow in a semi-open centrifugal pump Like Wang1, Jinling Lu1,2, Weili Liao1, Wei Wang1,2, Jianjun Feng1 and Yaping Zhao1 1
Correspondence to: Jinling Lu [email protected]
Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 2 710048, China, State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Citation: Wang, L., Lu, J., Liao, W., Wang, W., Feng, J., Zhao, Y. (2020). Numerical analysis of the formation mechanism and suppression method of the reverse flow in a semi-open centrifugal pump. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 34 (9) (2020) 3667~3678. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0819-7
Abstract Reverse flow has a detrimental effect on the stable and safe operation of centrifugal pumps. To study the formation mechanism and suppression of the reverse flow, a semi-open centrifugal pump with circumferential groove in the shroud was simulated. Then, the flow field and pressure fluctuation were analysed. The absolute flow angle at the blade inlet nearing the shroud was close to 180° because of the joint action of the leakage flow and blade inlet impact under low flow rate. This phenomenon resulted in the formation of a low-speed region and the reverse flow and low-frequency pressure fluctuation. The circumferential groove provided a channel for the leakage flow, which could quickly pass through the groove, and reduced the absolute flow angle at the blade inlet nearing the shroud and weakened the trend of the tip leakage flow to upstream. The low-frequency pressure pulsation was eliminated, and the amplitude of the blade passing frequency was reduced under 0.7 Qd (Qd is the design flow rate). The reverse flow thickness coefficient became zero with the circumferential groove. The proportion of the reverse flow volume to the volume of inlet pipe decreased from 14.7 % to 2.2 % under 0.4 Qd. This research indicated that the circumferential groove arranged in the shroud could effectively suppress or eliminate reverse flow.
Received March 15th, 2020 Revised
May 20th, 2020
Accepted July 8th, 2020 † Recommended by Editor Yang Na
1. Introduction
© The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
With the rapid development of modern military and civil technology, centrifugal pumps are required to operate stably in a wider range [1]. However, when a centrifugal pump operates away from the design condition, the flow separation appears, resulting in reverse flow [2-5]. Especially for semi-open centrifugal pumps, the tip leakage vortex accelerates the formation of reverse flow, which then develops upstream of the impell
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