Numerical Investigation on Effects of Interactions Between Particles on Coating Formation in Cold Spraying
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JTTEE5 18:686–693 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-009-9390-6 1059-9630/$19.00 Ó ASM International
Numerical Investigation on Effects of Interactions Between Particles on Coating Formation in Cold Spraying Shuo Yin, Xiao-fang Wang, Wen-ya Li, and Bao-peng Xu (Submitted May 27, 2009; in revised form July 27, 2009) In this study, an investigation on the effects of interactions between copper particles on coating formation was conducted by using a finite element analysis method to clarify the bonding mechanism in cold spraying. The predicted results reveal that the interactions between particles significantly affect the particle deformation and thus coating formation. When the initial parallel distance between particles is short, particles compress with the generation of gap between them. For the vertical case, the initial distance between particles also has an important effect. Short vertical distance makes the subsequent incident particle deform so weakly that the bonding performance is probably not strong enough to form a coating. Furthermore, for successive impacting particles, the subsequent incident particles will tamp the former deposited particles, causing the coating to be little porous near the surface and denser inside the coating.
Keywords
cold spraying, high-velocity impact, numerical simulation, particle interactions
1. Introduction A broad variety of impact phenomena is observed in many cases both in micro- and macro-scales when an object impinges on another one, such as erosive particles colliding with a solid surface at a relatively low velocity ballistic impact and penetration of a macro-body at a higher velocity causing a destruction of the impacted surface (Ref 1-3). However, the metallic particles with a speed ranging from 300 to 1200 m/s can adhere to the impacted surface forming a coating. This process is termed as cold gas dynamic spray (Ref 4, 5). Spray particles (typically
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