Numerical modelling and microstructural evolution of hybrid Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-Al-Si-Cu composite coating
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Numerical modelling and microstructural evolution of hybrid Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-Al-Si-Cu composite coating Olawale Samuel Fatoba 1,2 & Esther Titilayo Akinlabi 3 & Oluwagbenga Temidayo Johnson 4,5 & Stephen Akinwale Akinlabi 6 & Lester Caleb Naidoo 1 & Mutiu Folorunsho Erinosho 7 Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 31 July 2020 / Published online: 18 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Additive manufacturing is a commercially competitive manufacturing technique with the possibility of altering the entire perception of design and fabrication. It offers suitable capabilities for the building and repairing applications in the aerospace industry, which usually requires high level of accuracy and customization of parts which usually use materials known to pose difficulties in fabrication such as titanium alloys. The major factors that determine the formation of the dendritic structure are the thermal gradients within the substrate during cooling and the cooling rates. The rapid cooling and input of heat locally during the laser deposition process resulted in metallurgical modifications such as the formation of a complete martensitic structure, a mixture of columnar grains and layer of bands. During the deposition process, the metal solidified, and the developed model enabled predictability of microstructural development and the sizes of the grain growth. The 3D numerical investigation provided clarification and had substantial effects in the prediction of the overall resulting molten pool size and geometry size Keywords Titanium alloy . Additive manufacturing . Characterization . Modeling . Evolution . Microstructures
1 Introduction Laser material deposition process is an additive manufacturing technique that employs a source of heat such as a laser, to melt and bond powder-coating materials to a substrate material [1–4]. The laser metal deposition technique is one of the most viable options regarding its ability to repair worn parts. The surface of parts which are worn or have local damages has the potential to be repaired or restored at high precision owing to
* Olawale Samuel Fatoba [email protected]; [email protected]
flexible local-specific repairs [4–6]. The ability to direct the laser in a focused path at high precision towards a desired point allows for the heat-affected zone (HAZ) to be considerably smaller, rendering laser deposition processes effective and efficient when manufacturing surface engineered parts. Applications of titanium alloy in aerospace due to its active strength-to-weight competency, immunity against corrosion, and thermal steadiness could make titanium alloy an extremely alluring metal. Initially, aerospace application was the
2
College of Aeronautics and Engineering, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
3
Esther Titilayo Akinlabi [email protected]
Pan African University for Life and Earth Sciences Institute (PAULESI), Ibadan, Nigeria
4
Oluwagbenga Temidayo Johnson [email protected]
Department of Metallurgy and
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