Numerical Simulation of Impact Responses on Through-thickness Stitched Foam Core Sandwich Composite
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Numerical Simulation of Impact Responses on Throughthickness Stitched Foam Core Sandwich Composite Fan Xia & Xiao-Qing Wu & Jia-Lu Li
Received: 20 September 2012 / Accepted: 1 February 2013 / Published online: 24 March 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
Abstract This paper was based on the explicit finite element codes to predict the impact behavior of through-thickness stitched foam core sandwich composites. It is proposed that the extent of the impact damage can be characterized by the token parameters of cracking width, penetration depth and damage angle; and observations made during the simulative analysis with such damage parameters. The results show that the same tendencies and characteristics are shown on the numerical and test results of impact force-displacement plots, and a good agreement is also obtained in damage parameters. In comparing the unstitched types, the through-thickness stitched sandwiches are optimal for both the peak loads shown on the numerical plots at 25.0 J; and demonstrate the fewer extent of impact damage with a 63.5 and 6.0 % decreasing to the cracking width and penetration depth respectively, and where a 52.0 % increasing to the damage angle. Keywords Foam core sandwich . Impact behavior . Finite element analysis (FEA) . Through-thickness stitched . Damage parameters
1 Introduction Structural sandwich composites with face sheet fabrics are widely used nowadays in aerospace, marine, automobile, locomotive, construction, and consumer industries for their excellent properties like superior stiffness, low weight, excellent thermal insulation and acoustic damping, ease of machining and forming. The impact resistance and extent of damage to foam core sandwich composites depend on the face sheet fabrics, foam core materials, and the core–face sheets interfacial performance [1–3]. Much of the earlier work involved in the study on sandwich composites under impact loading focused on honeycomb F. Xia : X.-Q. Wu (*) : J.-L. Li Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composites, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300387, China e-mail: [email protected] X.-Q. Wu e-mail: [email protected]
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core sandwich constructions [4–6]. Honeycomb cores are usually made out of aluminum or composite materials: Nomex, glass thermoplastic or glass-phenolic materials. Some of the problems in honeycomb sandwich structures are the low surface area of the core for bonding, the higher manufacturing and maintenance cost and a sensitivity to hot and humid environments. The other most commonly used core materials are closed-cell rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF), which are often thermoset to achieve a reasonably high thermal tolerance. Many of the advantages of foam cores are their resistance to heat and humidity with excellent performance, adjustable density and the increased support surface for bonding with face sheets [7–9]. However there is a lower bonding strength in the core-face sheets interfacial surfaces for
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