Obesity and COVID-19: A Fatal Alliance
- PDF / 457,856 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 97 Downloads / 216 Views
REVIEW ARTICLE
Obesity and COVID-19: A Fatal Alliance Mithu Banerjee1 Kavya Gauba1
•
Shruti Gupta1
•
Praveen Sharma1 • Jyoti Shekhawat1
•
Received: 2 June 2020 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 Ó Association of Clinical Biochemists of India 2020
Abstract Most people infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2) are mildly symptomatic while few progress to critical illness and succumb to the infection. The disease severity is seen to be associated with increasing age and underlying comorbid conditions. Obesity, responsible for various metabolic disorders, appears to be a risk factor in determining the severity of infection despite any age group. Though this association is clinically relevant, the mechanisms underlying are not fully elucidated. SARS CoV2 enters host cell via Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 receptor, expression of which is upregulated in visceral fat tissue in obese people, underscoring the fact that adipose tissue is a potential reservoir for virus. Adipose tissue is also a source of many proinflammatory mediators and adipokines. High baseline C-Reactive Protein, interleukin 6, hyperleptinemia with Leptin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia associated with obesity explains the preexisting inflammatory state in obese individuals which predisposes them to worse outcomes and fatality. Keywords COVID-19 Obesity Interleukin-6 Creactive protein ACE 2 Leptin Abbreviations SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV2 coronavirus 2 CoV Coronavirus
& Mithu Banerjee [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Basni Phase 2, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
COVID-19 IL-6 TNF-a BMI IMV ARDS RAS ACE 2 AT1R TMPRSS2 CRP hs-CRP IL-6R sIL-6R ADAM
Coronavirus disease 2019 Interleukin-6 Tumor necrosis factor alpha Basal metabolic index Invasive mechanical ventilation Acute respiratory distress syndrome Renin angiotensin system Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Angiotensin II type 1 receptor Trans membrane serine protease 2 C-reactive protein High sensitivity C-reactive protein Interleukin-6 receptor Soluble form of IL-6R A disintegrin and metalloproteinase
Introduction Large, enveloped, roughly spherical, positive sense RNA coronavirus (CoV) were known causative agents of mild respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases until the SARS outbreak of 2002. It was then discovered that this virus has great potential for causing highly lethal epidemic outbreaks as witnessed during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV eruptions. The latest addition to pathogenicity of coronaviruses is the current pandemic of SARS-CoV2 responsible for COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019 [1–4]. As on 31st May 2020, the disease has already infected 6.2 million cases worldwide with a record case fatality of 3.72 lakhs. India, with a total of 1.86 lakh cases and 5200 deaths, is standing at 8th position amongst
123
Ind J Clin Biochem
215 countries affected globally [5, 6]. The increasing hospita
Data Loading...
