Observational Calculi and Association Rules
Observational calculi were introduced in the 1960’s as a tool of logic of discovery. Formulas of observational calculi correspond to assertions on analysed data. Truthfulness of suitable assertions can lead to acceptance of new scientific hypotheses. The
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469
Jan Rauch
Observational Calculi and Association Rules
ABC
Author Prof. Jan Rauch University of Economics, Prague Prague Czech Republic
ISSN 1860-949X e-ISSN 1860-9503 ISBN 978-3-642-11736-7 e-ISBN 978-3-642-11737-4 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-11737-4 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012954484 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To the memory of my parents
Foreword
In a broader sense, the present book deals with a long-standing problem in science and philosophy—the problem of scientific discovery. The question of the nature, the rules, and the “logic” of the process of scientific discovery occupied the minds of great thinkers for centuries. With the advent of computers and computerized data processing, the particular question of whether and to what extent it is possible to automate the process of discovery of knowledge became of greater interest and practical importance. The possibility to run computer programs and process large amounts of data on computers as well as the availability of relevant mathematical methods paved way to new advances in the development of methods for knowledge discovery.
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