Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles
The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role i
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Peter S. Liss Martin T. Johnson Editors
Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles
Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles
Springer Earth System Sciences
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10178
Peter S. Liss • Martin T. Johnson Editors
Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles
Editors Peter S. Liss Martin T. Johnson Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom
This publication is supported by COST.
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework programme
ISBN 978-3-642-25642-4 ISBN 978-3-642-25643-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013955001 # The Editor(s) (if applicable) and the Author(s) 2014. The book is published with open access at SpringerLink.com.
Open Access This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. All commercial rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for commercial use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for commercial use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
This book is an outcome and an important part of the legacy of COST Action 735, whose overall aim was to develop tools for estimating air-sea fluxes of compounds important for climate, air quality and ocean productivity. The action was closely allied with the SOLAS (Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study) project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), with both having very similar objectives. Because of this, they were mutually supportive in many ways. The action ran for 5 years, starting in September 2006 and ending in September 2011. It involved more than 300 scientists mainly from Europe (77 % from the following 18 countries: Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom) but with a significant number from outside Europe, so that in total scientists from 30 countries participated. One third of the participants were female. The action had a reciprocal agreement with New Zealand. Additional information about
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