Olfactory and gustatory abnormalities in COVID-19 cases
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RHINOLOGY
Olfactory and gustatory abnormalities in COVID‑19 cases Fazilet Altin1 · Cemal Cingi2 · Tankut Uzun2 · Cengiz Bal3 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose At the time of writing, there is a pandemic affecting virtually every country on Earth. There is considerable discussion amongst clinicians as well as lay people about anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 sufferers. We aimed to report the results from comprehensive olfactory and gustatory testing in a series of hospital in-patients. Methods The prospective study evaluated 81 individuals with a COVID-19 infection, as confirmed by 2019 n-cov Real-Time PCR laboratory testing. The control group consisted of forty individuals with COVID-19 negative. Olfactory and gustatory testings were carried out by an examiner utilizing stringent safety standards and wearing full personal protective equipment. The results obtained in the case group were then compared with those obtained for the controls. Results In the case group, 41(50.6%) of patients were male and 40 (49.4%) were female, mean age of 54.16 ± 16.98 years (18– 95). In the control group, 21 (52.5%) of subjects were male and 19 (47.5%) were female, and mean age was 55 ± 15.39 years (18–90). Fifty (61.7%) COVID-19-positive patients had complaints related to olfaction. The distribution of olfactory symptoms in the case group differed at the level of statistical significance from the control group (p 0.05). In the case group, 50 (61.7%) patients had complaints related to olfaction, whilst no individual in the control group complained of olfactory symptoms. The Sniffin’ Sticks’ test indicated that COVID-19 infection was associated with significant impairment of olfactory function, when results were compared with the data on the controls or with the previously published normative data. The distribution of olfactory symptoms in the case group differed at the level of statistical significance from the control group (Chi-square = 39.57, p
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