On catalyzed vacuum decay around a radiating black hole and the crisis of the electroweak vacuum
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Springer
Received: June 8, 2020 Accepted: July 17, 2020 Published: August 19, 2020
On catalyzed vacuum decay around a radiating black hole and the crisis of the electroweak vacuum
a
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan b Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan c Perimeter Institute, 31 Caroline St., Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 2Y5, Canada d Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), UTIAS, WPI, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8568, Japan e Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
E-mail: takumi [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: False vacuum decay is a key feature in quantum field theories and exhibits a distinct signature in the early Universe cosmology. It has recently been suggested that the false vacuum decay is catalyzed by a black hole (BH), which might cause the catastrophe of the Standard Model Higgs vacuum if primordial BHs are formed in the early Universe. We investigate vacuum phase transition of a scalar field around a radiating BH with taking into account the effect of Hawking radiation. We find that the vacuum decay rate slightly decreases in the presence of the thermal effect since the scalar potential is stabilized near the horizon. However, the stabilization effect becomes weak at the points sufficiently far from the horizon. Consequently, we find that the decay rate is not significantly changed unless the effective coupling constant of the scalar field to the radiation is extremely large. This implies that the change of the potential from the Hawking radiation does not help prevent the Standard Model Higgs vacuum decay catalyzed by a BH. Keywords: Black Holes, Solitons Monopoles and Instantons ArXiv ePrint: 2005.12808
c The Authors. Open Access, Article funded by SCOAP3 .
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2020)088
JHEP08(2020)088
Takumi Hayashi,a,b Kohei Kamada,b Naritaka Oshitac and Jun’ichi Yokoyamaa,b,d,e
Contents 1 Introduction
1 4 4 6 11
3 Static bounce around a radiating BH 3.1 Bounce solution around a radiating BH 3.2 Thin-wall approximation of the bounce around a radiating BH
12 14 16
4 Implication to the Higgs instability
18
5 Conclusions and discussion
21
1
Introduction
Vacuum phase transition is one of the most important phenomenon in the early universe predicted by quantum field theory. If our Universe is in a metastable state, namely a local minimum of a potential, quantum tunneling to the global minimum may take place. It includes a series of physical processes such as vacuum bubble nucleation. Such bubbles expand and collide with each other, which may become an important source of gravitational wave background [1, 2]. Such metastable vacua often appear in various m
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