On-Chip Initiation and Burn Rate Measurements of Thermite Energetic Reactions
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ON-CHIP INITIATION AND BURN RATE MEASUREMENTS OF THERMITE ENERGETIC REACTIONS Apperson, Steven 1; Bhattacharya, Shantanu2; Gao, Yuanfang1; Subramanian, Senthil1; Hasan, Shameem1; Hossain, Maruf1; Shende, Rajesh V1; Redner, Paul3; Kapoor, Deepak3; Nicolich, Steven3;Gangopadhyay, Keshab1; Gangopadhyay, Shubhra1. 1. Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri,Columbia, MO, USA. 2. Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. 3. U.S. Army, ARDEC, Picatinny, Picatinny, NJ, USA. ABSTRACT Burn rates of various nano-energetic composites were measured by two techniques; onchip method and conventional optical method. A comparison is presented to confirm the validity of on-chip method. On-chip initiators were prepared using platinum heater films and nanoenergetic composites. Thin film Pt heaters were fabricated with different dimensions and ignition delay was studied using a nano-energetic composite of CuO nano-rods and Al-nano-particles. The ignition delay as a function of electrical power is presented for the same energetic composite. Heater with smaller surface area is found to be more efficient, which may be due to the lower heat losses. INTRODUCTION Tunable nano-engineered meta-stable intermolecular (MIC) materials prepared by using oxidizers and fuel are characterized to obtain the burn rates and pressure-temperaturetime curves of the self propagating combustion reaction. Several diagnostic tools are currently being used to determine performance of energetic reactions [1,2]. Due to the extreme sensitivity of the as prepared nano-energetic materials to electrostatic discharge (ESD), friction and impact, it is important to develop safe testing methods. Nanoengineered thermites synthesized in our laboratory are of two types, nano-rod oxidizers with assembled Al nanoparticles and nanowells of ordered nanoporous oxidizers with impregnated Al nanopowders. These nanoenergetic materials can be coated on chip as thin films and patterned using conventional microfabrication techniques. In this paper, we describe two methods for measurement of burn rates of MIC materials prepared in our laboratory, as well as, the ones prepared from the oxidizer and fuel nanoparticles obtained from other sources. We will also present the fabrication and characterization of on-chip initiators by using patterned platinum heaters coated with MIC materials. EXPERIMENTAL Burn Rate Measurement We developed on chip burn rate measurement tool [3,4] using a micro-fabricated chip, low voltage power source (3-30 V) and fast data acquisition system with a sampling rate 6
of 1.25 x 10 samples/sec. A MEMS (microelectromechanical system) based platform using a glass substrate was developed for this purpose. A substrate was sputter coated with two thin platinum films one for initiation (heater film) and the other for burn rate measurement (detector film) of nanoenergetic materials.[see fig.1] The heater film in this
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assembly was used as a resistive heater for ignition of the materi
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