On the Corrosion Mechanism of Borided X12CrNiMoV12-3 Steel Immersed in a Neutral Aqueous Solution Containing Chloride an
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INTRODUCTION
THE martensitic stainless steels are usually employed when high mechanical performance is required. This type of stainless steel has applications in the aeronautic industry, tool-making machinery and structural engineering industry.[1] Particularly, the sort of steels has I. MEJI´A-CABALLERO is with the Instituto Polite´cnico Nacional, Grupo Ingenierı´ a de Superficies, SEPI-ESIME, U.P. Adolfo Lo´pez Mateos, Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico, Mexico and also with the Universidad Auto´noma Metropolitana, Av. San Pablo No. 180, Azcapotzalco, 02200 Mexico, Mexico. C. ESCOBAR-MARTI´NEZ and I. CAMPOS-SILVA are with the Instituto Polite´cnico Nacional, Grupo Ingenierı´ a de Superficies, SEPI-ESIME. Contact e-mail: [email protected] M. PALOMAR-PARDAVE´, M. ROMEROROMO and E. RODRI´ GUEZ-CLEMENTE are with the Universidad Auto´noma Metropolitana. TU LE MANH is with the Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Phenikaa Institute for Advanced study (PIAS), Phenikaa University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam and also with the Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group, 167 Hoang Ngan, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam. L. LARTUNDO-ROJAS is with the Instituto Polite´ cnico Nacional, Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologı´ as, U.P. Adolfo Lo´ pez Mateos, Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico, Mexico. Manuscript submitted December 13, 2019.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
applications as bearings, gears, and turbine blades[2–4]; thus, many studies have developed an exhaustive research to ensure an accurate performance during the lifetime of the material. Particularly, the X12CrNiMoV12-3 steel, immersed in a neutral chloride solution (0.1 M NaCl + 0.04 M Na2SO4), is susceptible to a localized corrosion mechanism, which is related to the amount of carbides precipitation and the sensitization problem that propitiate chromium depletion regions.[1,5,6] Facing this problem, the boriding process can be used as an alternative method to improve the corrosion resistance, because of the formation of the boride layers on the material’s surface. In this regard, different works have performed corrosion studies on different grades of borided steels, which have demonstrated, in most of the cases, the enhancement of the corrosion resistance in alkaline and acidic solutions.[7–10] Particularly, Campos et al.[9,10] performed corrosion tests on the borided AISI 304 (austenitic) stainless steel exposed to a 0.1 M NaCl solution using the potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The corrosion tests evidenced that the boride layer showed a corrosion resistance of 12700 ± 1200 X/
cm2; meanwhile, the resistance of the bare AISI 304 steel reached a value of 770 ± 14 X/cm2. Nevertheless, in neutral solutions (simulated body fluid solutions (SBFS)), the corrosion resistance of borided stainless steels showed an opposite behavior.[11,12] Kayali et al.[11] evaluated the corrosion resistance of borided AISI 316L (austenitic) stainless steel exposed to a simulated body fluid solution (SBFS) dur
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