On the grain-size-dependent elastic modulus of nanocrystalline materials with and without grain-boundary sliding
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A closed-form model was proposed to evaluate the elastic properties of nanocrystalline materials as a function of grain size. Grain-boundary sliding, present in nanocrystalline materials even at relatively low temperatures, was included in the formulation. The proposed analytical model agrees reasonably well with the experimental results for nanocrystalline copper and palladium.
I. INTRODUCTION
With the advent of the so-called nanotechnologies, the development and application of nanostructured materials has become a focus of many researchers both in the academia as well as in commercial organizations (see Refs. 1–4 for general overview). In particular, the modeling of the size and scale effects associated with elastic (and inelastic) behavior of nanocrystalline materials has become an important and intensely researched area. While considerable efforts are in progress to resolve anomalous, plasticity behavior and associated size effects (for some recent reviews and works, see Refs. 5–7), relatively little work has been done on the grain-sizedependent elastic modulus of nanocrystalline materials. At such small feature sizes (grain sizes
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