On the history of the Linear Accelerator Department at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Mos
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E 60th ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS (ITEP, MOSCOW) ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
On the History of the Linear Accelerator Department at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow) N. V. Lazarev Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ul. Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117218 Russia Received July 29, 2005
Abstract—These memoirs are devoted to the Institute’s anniversary and present the history of the Linear Accelerator Department at ITEP. Some studies are described in which I was involved. During more than 40 years, I worked with Professor I.M. Kapchinsky (1919–1993), a world-renowned scientist, the founder of the department. References are given to Kapchinsky’s monographs and to some of the works that were performed under his supervision and were published in proceedings of accelerator conferences. Many active scientists, engineers, and technicians are mentioned who participate in the achievements of the department, which made a significant contribution to the development of accelerator science and engineering in Russia and worldwide. PACS numbers : 01.65.+g, 29.17.+w DOI: 10.1134/S1063778806100061
1. DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, AND COMMISSIONING OF I-2 Turning to the grounds, it is worth noting that, along with investigations on reactor physics and nuclear physics that are important for the defense of the country, the item concerning investigations of highenergy nuclear particles and cosmic rays was included (owing to the initiative of Academician Abram Isaakovich Alikhanov, the founder of our institute) in the Decision of the Government of the USSR on December 1, 1945, concerning the foundation of Laboratory no. 3 (Thermal Laboratory, USSR Academy of Sciences, beginning in 1949 and Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics since 1958). After the targets formulated by the government had been achieved, the physics of elementary particles became one of the main directions of the activities of the Institute. In order to develop the experimental basis for fundamental research, Alikhanov, owing to high personal authority, succeeded in getting the decision of the government and USSR Academy of Sciences to build two strongly focusing proton synchrotrons, for 7 GeV (U-7) in Moscow and 70 GeV (PS-70) in Protvino at the branch of ITEP that was later developed to the Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP). Alikhanov associated the future of ITEP with the creation of accelerators and experimental works on them, and he was keenly interested in the development of the works and helped with resources, skilled specialists, and paternal care for people.
The design, development, and building of both of these accelerators were carried out under the general supervision of V.V. Vladimirsky, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and Academician A.L. Mints by the staffs of ITEP, Institute of Radio Equipment (IRE, later named Moscow Radiotechnical Institute), and Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus (RIEA); in addition,
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