On the universality of intrusive resumption: Evidence from Chamorro and Palauan
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On the universality of intrusive resumption: Evidence from Chamorro and Palauan Sandra Chung1 · Matthew W. Wagers1
Received: 10 August 2018 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The literature on resumptive pronouns (RPs) has given rise to a rich taxonomy of the phenomenon. Despite the fact that RPs invariably have the morphosyntactic form of ordinary pronouns, they vary widely in distribution and function. In some languages, RPs are grammatically licensed; depending on the language and the syntactic context, they might or might not realize traces, compete with gaps, exhibit reconstruction effects, and so on. In other languages, notably English, RPs are ‘intrusive’ (Sells 1984). Kroch (1981), Asudeh (2004), Morgan and Wagers (2018), and others have proposed that intrusive RPs in English are ungrammatical products of the performance system—productions that satisfy local well-formedness but not global well-formedness. This account predicts that in every language, regardless of whether it has grammatically licensed RPs, intrusive RPs could also be found. Here we test this prediction against evidence from Chamorro and Palauan. Previous accounts have maintained that Chamorro does not have RPs and Palauan has only RPs. On the basis of corpus and elicited production data from Chamorro, and a re-examination of the Palauan evidence, we argue that both languages have grammatically licensed RPs, as well as intrusive RPs. Their grammatically licensed RPs differ in form and distribution. At least in Chamorro, the distribution of intrusive RPs produced is similar to that in English. Keywords Resumptive pronouns · Chamorro · Palauan · Elicited production
1 Introduction The literature on resumptive pronouns (RPs) has given rise to a rich taxonomy of the phenomenon. RPs invariably have the morphosyntactic form of ordinary pro-
B S. Chung
[email protected]
1
Stevenson Academic Services, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
S. Chung, M.W. Wagers
nouns in the language (McCloskey 2002, 2006). Despite this, they vary widely in distribution and function. According to Sells (1984), RPs in some languages, notably English, are intrusive, but RPs in other languages are grammatically licensed (bound by an A-bar operator). Depending on the language and the syntactic context, these grammatically licensed RPs might or might not realize traces (e.g. Engdahl 1982 on Swedish; Koopman 1982 on Vata; McCloskey 1990 on Irish), compete with gaps (e.g. Sichel 2014, 2018 on Hebrew), exhibit reconstruction effects (e.g. Aoun et al. 2001 on Lebanese Arabic), exhibit weak crossover effects (e.g. Hendrick 2005 on Tongan), and so on. An idea with a long history is that intrusive RPs are ungrammatical products of the performance system (Kroch 1981; Erteschik-Shir 1992; McCloskey 2017b; Morgan and Wagers 2018; see Goodall 2017 for a different view). One particular version of this idea, which we subscribe to, is that sentences that contain intrusive RPs are productions that satisfy loc
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