One-pot synthesis of Bi-Ni nanowire and nanocable arrays by coelectrodeposition approach
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NANO EXPRESS
Open Access
One-pot synthesis of Bi-Ni nanowire and nanocable arrays by coelectrodeposition approach Yuying Jia1, Dachi Yang1, Bin Luo1, Shaomin Liu2, Moses O Tade2 and Linjie Zhi1*
Abstract A novel and convenient one-pot electrodeposition approach has been developed for precisely controlled fabrication of large-scale Bi-Ni nanowire and nanocable arrays. Using porous anodic aluminum oxide as a shapedirecting template, by simply changing the electrochemical deposition mode, desired Bi-Ni hybrid nanowires and Bi-Ni core-shell nanocables have been obtained in the CV and CC modes, respectively. The structure, morphology, and composition of the as-prepared samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, elemental mapping, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Keywords: Bi-Ni nanocables, Bi-Ni nanowires, AAO, coelectrodeposition
Introduction One-dimensional hetero-nanostructures, such as nanocables [1-3], nanowires [4-6], superlattice nanowires [7-9], and nanobelts [10-13], have attracted great interest in recent years. Among various fabrication strategies, electrochemical template deposition is a simple and versatile method because the well-defined templates allow us to control the length, diameter, and component of onedimensional [1D] nanostructures. Recently, Xue et al. [14] developed a pulsed electrodeposition technique for the synthesis of Bi/Sb superlattice nanowire arrays with longitudinally ordered heterostructures. They synthesized four kinds of a modulated structure of Bi/Sb superlattice nanocables with different periods. Almost at the same time, Wang et al. [15] demonstrated the synthesis of Cu/ Ni nanocables by codepositing nickel and copper atoms into the pores of anodic alumina membranes. Other heterostructures, such as Pd/Fe [16], Pd/Ni [17], ZnO/Cu2O [18], CdS/SnS [19], and CdS/TiO 2 [20], have also been prepared by electrodeposition. However, since a depositing metal is different from a depositing semiconductor, it is still a critical challenge to controllably produce metal/ semiconductor nanostructures with a designed morphology in one-step electrodeposition.
Bismuth (Bi) is a semimetal with unusual electronic properties that result from its highly anisotropic Fermi surface, low carrier concentration, small effective mass, and long mean free path of the carriers [21]. Because of these unique features, Bi has been extensively investigated for quantum transport, finite-size effects, and giant magnetoresistance effects [22]. Furthermore, Lee et al. [23] observed a semimetal-to-semiconductor transition when the diameter of Bi nanowire was smaller than 63 nm. The Bi-Ni heterojunction formation is therefore highly attractive not only for the incorporation of a magnetic property [24], but also for the introduction of semimetal and semiconductive behaviors into the structures. However, due to the relatively low conductivity of semimetal and semiconductive species, the one-step preparation of a metal/semiconductor heterojunction is challenging, p
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