Open data governance: civic hacking movement, topics and opinions in digital space
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Open data governance: civic hacking movement, topics and opinions in digital space Mara Maretti1 · Vanessa Russo1 · Emiliano del Gobbo2 Accepted: 24 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The expression ‘open data’ relates to a system of informative and freely accessible databases that public administrations make generally available online in order to develop an informative network between institutions, enterprises and citizens. On this topic, using the semantic network analysis method, the research aims to investigate the communication structure and the governance of open data in the Twitter conversational environment. In particular, the research questions are: (1) Who are the main actors in the Italian open data infrastructure? (2) What are the main conversation topics online? (3) What are the pros and cons of the development and use (reuse) of open data in Italy? To answer these questions, we went through three research phases: (1) analysing the communication network, we found who are the main influencers; (2) once we found who were the main actors, we analysed the online content in the Twittersphere to detect the semantic areas; (3) then, through an online focus group with the main open data influencers, we explored the characteristics of Italian open data governance. Through the research, it has been shown that: (1) there is an Italian open data governance strategy; (2) the Italian civic hacker community plays an important role as an influencer; but (3) there are weaknesses in governance and in practical reuse. Keywords Open data · Influencers · Civic hacking · Twitter · Semantic network analysis method · Online focus group
* Mara Maretti [email protected]; [email protected] Vanessa Russo [email protected] Emiliano del Gobbo [email protected] 1
Department of Law and Social Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
2
Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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1 Introduction The expression ‘open data’ relates to a system of informative and freely accessible databases that public administrations make generally available online in order to develop an informative network between institutions, enterprises and citizens. Open data (OD) can be regarded as an integral part of the open government movement (Yu and Robinson 2011; Kundra 2012; Ubaldi 2013; Gerunov 2015). This informational system derives from the need for public bodies to share with citizens the data they collect in the course of their activities. In 2009, open government data (OGD) strategies started to emerge in the political agenda of various governments: the 2009 Obama Executive Order1 is an example. The 2010 Digital Agenda of the European Commission2 and the 2013 G8 Open Data Charter3 are further examples of how political institutions consider OD to be an important resource that can: contribute to a more transparent and efficient government; strengthen democracy, by encouragi
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