Open Pit Mining with Blasting: GeoEcological Aftermath
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_________________ MINING ECOLOGY AND EXPLOITATION ____________________ OF THE EARTH’S BOWELS ___________________________________________________________________________________
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Open Pit Mining with Blasting: GeoEcological Aftermath V. V. Adushkina*, S. P. Solov’eva**, A. A. Spivaka***, and V. M. Khazinsa**** a
Academician Sadovsky Institute of Geosphere Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] ***e-mail: [email protected] ****e-mail: [email protected] Received March 7, 2020 Revised March 17, 2020 Accepted April 10, 2020
Abstract—The article analyzes statistics on micro-solid emissions in mineral mining and discusses features of micro-emission in atmosphere in large-scale blasting in open pit mines. The gas-dynamic calculations of dust and gas cloud elevation after blasting for localization of solid micro particles and determination of their concentration in the troposphere are presented. The influence of large-scale blasting on regional seismicity is illustrated in terms of the Kuznetsk Coal Basin. Keywords: Micro particles in atmosphere, open pit mining, large-scale industrial blasting, numerical modeling, seismicity. DOI: 10.1134/S1062739120026794
INTRODUCTION
The Earth’s biosphere evolves in a natural habitat full of mineral micro particles generated by volcanic activity, soil and rock erosion, sea salt particles and other sources. In the industrial and postindustrial period, along with natural sources of micro particles, a significant contribution is made by the sources of man-made origin which constantly grow in number. Due to their chemical composition, man-made micro particles in most cases are much superior to natural material in terms of negative effects. One of the sources of intense man-induced pollution is the mineral resource complex, which provides raw materials for manufacturing more than 70% of all final products and supplies almost 90% of the energy needs of modern society [1]. From hundreds of billions to a trillion tons of solid matter are extracted annually from the lithosphere for production purposes [1, 2]. A considerable proportion of processed mined rock is accounted for by open pit mining. Explosive energy remains the most effective way to destroy hard rocks in the world practice. Rock blasting is the main technology in preparing rocks for excavation. Present-day studies in the development of new mining technologies show that a similar situation will continue in the coming decades [2, 3]. Significant mining scopes determine the importance of largescale industrial blasting effect on the environment. Increasingly toughening environmental regulations require a detailed analysis of geoecological consequences of both large-scale massive blasts and all process flows to improve technology and reduce the negative impact of mining on the habitat [4]. The study of atmospheric pollution due to dust emission in mined roc
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