Operational tool for characterizing high-frequency sea level oscillations
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Operational tool for characterizing high‑frequency sea level oscillations Javier García‑Valdecasas1 · Begoña Pérez Gómez2 · Rafael Molina3 · Alberto Rodríguez1 · David Rodríguez3 · Susana Pérez2 · Álvaro Campos3 · Pablo Rodríguez Rubio4 · Sergio Gracia5 · Luis Ripollés5 · José María Terrés Nicoli1 · Francisco Javier de los Santos4 · Enrique Álvarez Fanjul2 Received: 1 February 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The progressive upgrade of tide gauges to match tsunami warning requirements, tied with an upgrade of tide gauges with 1-min or less sampling and latency, has led to a huge amount of data available worldwide for studies of coastal hazards related to high-frequency sea level oscillations. This upgrade in the observation network poses a challenge in matching the operational data flow, quality control and processing, as well as an opportunity for a more immediate evaluation and understanding of the physical phenomena contained in the raw data, such as meteotsunamis and infragravity waves. The main purpose of this study is to present a new operational tool that enables, for the first time, user-friendly and fast exploitation of an up to now hidden information on high-frequency sea level oscillations. Developed and implemented for 40 tide gauges at the main ports of the Spanish coast, the new tool is based on the automatic analysis of 2-Hz raw data and the online publication of relevant products in near real time. It includes an event detection algorithm and a display calendar to select and review historical events, resulting in a revolutionary advanced toolbox, a new window to phenomena that affects ports operations and infrastructures. This toolbox, combined with the open dataset, provides the first steps for considering HFSLO in the definition of operational risk management. Dealing with these raw data in near real time requires careful selection of appropriate algorithms and quality control procedures, with therefore additional difficulties, that are discussed in this paper. Keywords High-frequency sea level oscillations · Tide gauges · Characterization · Alert system * Javier García‑Valdecasas [email protected] 1
Wind Engineering, Oritia & Boreas, 18130 Escúzar, Granada, Spain
2
Puertos del Estado (PdE), 28042 Madrid, Spain
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ETSI de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), HRL-UPM & CEHINAV-UPM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Autoridad Portuaria Bahía de Algeciras, 11207 Algeciras, Spain
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Nologin, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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Natural Hazards
1 Introduction Coastal hazards associated with sea level variations include the threats of mean sea level rise due to climate change (Church et al. 2001, 2013), the frequency and intensity of extreme sea levels during a storm (Menéndez and Woodworth 2010; Merrifield et al. 2013) and high-frequency sea level oscillations (HFSLO) or tsunami-like waves (minute to hour timescales), which include tsunamis, meteotsunamis, infragravity waves or local seiches and oscill
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