Opioid Prescribing and Opioid Risk Mitigation Strategies in the Veterans Health Administration

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Pain Management and Opioid Safety Program, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA; 2Department of Neurology, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; 3Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; 4George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; 5VA Program Evaluation and Resource Center, VA Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, Menlo Park, CA, USA; 6VA Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA; 7Patient Care Services, Pharmacy Benefits Management Service, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA; 8Partnered Evidence-based Policy Resource Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; 9Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.

INTRODUCTION: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has taken a multifaceted approach to addressing opioid safety and promoting system-wide opioid stewardship. AIM: To provide a comprehensive evaluation of current opioid prescribing practices and implementation of risk mitigation strategies in VHA. SETTING: VHA is the largest integrated health care system in the United States. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: VHA prescribing data in conjunction with implementation of opioid risk mitigation strategies are routinely tracked and reviewed by VHA’s Pharmacy Benefits Management Services (including Academic Detailing Service) and the Pain Management Program Office. Additional data are derived from the Partnered Evidence-Based Policy Resource Center (PEPReC) and from a 2019 survey of interdisciplinary pain management teams at VHA facilities. Prescribing data are reported quarterly until first quarter fiscal year 2020 (Q1FY2020), ending December 31, 2019. PROGRAM EVALUATION: VHA opioid dispensing peaked in 2012 with 679,376 Veterans receiving an opioid prescription, and when including tramadol, in 2013 with 869,956 Veterans. Since 2012, the number of Veterans dispensed an opioid decreased 56% and co-prescribed opioid/benzodiazepine decreased 83%. Veterans with high-dose opioids (≥ 100 mg morphine equivalent daily dose) decreased 77%. In Q1FY2020, among Veterans on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT), 91.1% had written informed consent, 90.8% had a urine drug screen, and 89.0% had a prescription drug monitoring program query. Naloxone was issued to 217,469 Veterans and resulted Prior Presentations The data presented are derived from clinical dashboards that are routinely reported for internal communication within the VHA. Selected quality improvement data from the Opioid Safety Initiative were previously reported at the American Academy of Pain Medicine (March 17, 2017). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06258-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Received February 9, 2020 Accepted September 18, 2020 Published online November 16, 2020

in > 1,000 documented overdose reversals. In 2019, interdisciplinary pain management teams were fully designated at 68%, partiall