Opportunities for caries prevention using an ion-releasing coating material: a randomised clinical study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Opportunities for caries prevention using an ion‑releasing coating material: a randomised clinical study Ulf Örtengren1,2 · Anna Lehrkinder1 · Aram Safarloo1 · Jasmine Axelsson1 · Peter Lingström1 Received: 17 June 2020 / Accepted: 23 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Ion-releasing materials (containing fluoride and boron, for example) have shown caries-preventive effects in vitro. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of multi-ion-releasing coating material on pH stabilisation, plaque accumulation and the bacterial composition of dental plaque during a time period of 90 days. The null hypothesis tested here was that the evaluated material would not show any differences in pH stabilisation, plaque accumulation or bacterial composition compared with control material. The study was carried out as a double-blind, split-mouth, randomised, controlled clinical trial in 28 volunteers. Over the evaluation period (days 4, 30, 60 and 90), pH measurements, plaque index and plaque sampling for bacterial analyses were conducted in a calibrated, standardized manner. The study received ethical permission and was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. A significant difference was observed, with less plaque accumulation over time in the subjects in whom the ion-releasing material was applied in comparison to the non-active group. No significant difference was evident in terms of either pH stabilisation or plaque levels of mutans streptococci. The null hypothesis relating to plaque accumulation was rejected, with a lower plaque index shown for the test group up to 60–90 days. No adverse effects during the observation period were observed. Since the studied cohort was healthy from a caries perspective, more clinical studies are needed to further evaluate the caries-prevention potential of the ion-releasing material in other patient groups. Keywords Caries prevention · Cariogenic bacteria · Coating · Dental materials · Ions
Introduction As our understanding of the caries disease and awareness of its preventive strategies are both increasing, the potential for a larger number of teeth to be retained at an older age has increased [1]. In spite of this, with advanced age, the potential for gingival retractions will be seen to a greater extent, thereby increasing the risk of a larger number of exposed root surfaces vulnerable to caries development.[2]. Dental caries is a demineralisation process and the result * Ulf Örtengren [email protected] 1
Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
Department for Clinical Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
2
of an interplay between the tooth, cariogenic microflora and fermentable carbohydrates [3]. The pH response of the dental biofilm after a sugar challenge can be considered to mirror the acidogenic potential and thereby the risk of caries occurring [3–5]. The demi
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