Optical Fiber Transmission Systems
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Applications of Communications Theory Series Editor: R. W. Lucky, Bell Laboratories
INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SCIENCE AND SYSTEMS John R. Pierce and Edward C. Posner
OPTICAL FIBER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS Stewart D. Personick
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SWITCHING J. Gordon Pearce
ERROR-CORRECTION CODING FOR DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS George C. Clark, Jr., and J. Bibb Cain
A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.
Optical Fiber Transmission Systems
Stewart D. Personick TRW Vidar Division Mountain View, California
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Personick, Stewart D Optical fiber transmission systems. (Applications of communications theory) Includes index. 1. Optical communications. 2. Fiber optics. I. Title. II. Series. TK5103.59.P47 621.36'92 ISBN 978-1-4899-2135-2 ISBN 978-1-4899-2133-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-2133-8
80-20684
First Printing-February 1981 Second Printing- January 1983
© 1981 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1981 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1981
All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
I will always be indebted to the men and women who have taught me, encouraged me, guided me - and inspired me - throughout my career. This book is dedicated to them.
Preface
In the 14 years which have passed since the first proposal that ultralow-loss optical fibers could in principle be fabricated, astounding progress has taken place in this new technology.< 0 What was only an interesting possibility in the late sixties was already a practical reality for several applications in the late seventies.
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Figure l. 7. Best reported loss vs. time.
In addition to drawing fibers with well-controlled parameters (e.g., diameter, refractive index), one must be concerned with coating fibers to preserve their strength and with forming coated fibers into practical cables. These subjects are beyond the scope of this book, but are treated thoroughly in the references. t 1.2.2. Propagationt
A number of different types of fibers are currently of interest for various applications. The simplest fiber type consists of a core of one type of glass inside a cladding of glass or plastic having a lower index of refraction than the core. Such a fiber is illustrated in Figure 1.8. Typically the diameter of the core is tens or hundreds of times the wavelength of the propagating t
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See, e.g., Chapters 10 and 13 of Reference 4. See Chapters 3, 4, 6, and II of Referenc
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