Optical, Fluorescence Lifetime, Sensing and DNA Binding Studies of a Laser Dye
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Optical, Fluorescence Lifetime, Sensing and DNA Binding Studies of a Laser Dye Marwa N. El‑Nahass1 · Tarek A. Fayed1 Received: 17 April 2019 / Accepted: 31 March 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Herein, the effects of media on the fluorescence characteristics (mainly quantum yield, lifetime and radiationless deactivation rate of the excited singlet state) of phenylene-1,4-ethylene-bis-(2-quinoxaline) laser dye, BQxVB have been reported. Also, the sensitivity of the dye to the proton has been tested by studying the effect of changing the acidic properties of the medium. As with polarity, the acidity of solution provokes spectral changes. As the acidity of the medium increases (using H 2SO4 solutions), the pale yellow color of BQxVB changes to orange then violet and eventually to deep blue in concentrated acid solutions. The effect of metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles on the spectral behavior of BQxVB dye has been investigated. Additionally, the binding of the dye by β-cyclodextrin was investigated. The capped and binding of the dye with CT-DNA were visualized based on the spectral studies. Finally, a molecular docking analysis was carried out on five chosen proteins, which are largely responsible for the formation of CT-DNA, 4ASD-transferase, 3UW9 protein binding, 3DDC–hydrolase/apoptosis, 3L8-transferase/CT-DNA, and 4ICH-transcription. Based on the results, it has been clearly shown that BQxVB shows better docking with the 4ASD-transferase protein than the other selected proteins, with an estimated binding Gibbs energy of − 50.45 kJ·mol−1, a total intermolecular energy of − 55.09 kJ·mol−1, an inhibition constant of 1.48 nmol·dm−3, and a binding efficiency of 80%. Keywords Fluorescence lifetime · Metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles · CT-DNA · Molecular docking
1 Introduction Fluorescent dyes play important roles in both fundamental science and technological applications such as optical memory, organic solar cells and organic light emitting diodes [1–4]. Among the oldest and most commonly used laser dyes are those that display photo- and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1095 3-020-01000-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Marwa N. El‑Nahass [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Journal of Solution Chemistry
electro-luminescence properties. The special photophysical properties of these dyes cause their vast and increasing applications in chemistry and physics. They can be used for sensing, imaging, photothermal treatment, photo-redox catalysis, in cloth and food coloring, and optoelectronic/light-emitting devices [5–7]. They are used as probes in biochemistry for the monitoring of membrane fusion, as fluorescent probes of proteins, due to their photostability [8]. There are large number of dyes having these properties an
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