Optimal control of traffic signals using quantum annealing
- PDF / 748,493 Bytes
- 18 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 57 Downloads / 209 Views
Optimal control of traffic signals using quantum annealing Hasham Hussain1 · Muhammad Bin Javaid1 · Faisal Shah Khan2 · Archismita Dalal3 · Aeysha Khalique1,4 Received: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) is the mathematical formalism for phrasing and solving a class of optimization problems that are combinatorial in nature. Due to their natural equivalence with the two-dimensional Ising model for ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics, problems from the QUBO class can be solved on quantum annealing hardware. In this paper, we report a QUBO formatting of the problem of optimal control of time-dependent traffic signals on an artificial grid-structured road network so as to ease the flow of traffic, and the use of D-Wave Systems’ quantum annealer to solve it. Since current-generation D-Wave annealers have a limited number of qubits and limited inter-qubit connectivity, we adopt a hybrid (classical/quantum) approach to this problem. As traffic flow is a continuous and evolving phenomenon, we address this time-dependent problem by adopting a workflow to generate and solve multiple problem instances periodically. Keywords Quantum computation · Adiabatic quantum computation · Quantum annealing · D-Wave · Traffic optimization · QUBO
H. Hussain and M. bin Javaid have contributed equally to this work.
B
Aeysha Khalique [email protected]
1
School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
2
Center on Cyber Physical Systems and Department of Mathematics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
3
Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
4
National Centre for Physics (NCP), Shahdra Valley Road, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan 0123456789().: V,-vol
123
312
Page 2 of 18
H. Hussain et al.
1 Introduction As predicted by Moore’s law [1], electronic computing technologies have reached the nano-meter scale and are well on their way to converging to the quantum scale within the next decade, meaning that electronic devices will have to be fabricated in a way that accounts for, and controls, quantum effects. Such devices will be instances of quantum electronics which, when assembled appropriately, will give rise to quantum circuits and hardware architectures that will constitute quantum computers. First generation quantum electronics and quantum computers are already available commercially in the form of quantum random number generators (IDquantique [2]), special purpose quantum annealers (D-wave Systems [3]) and limited universal quantum computers based on superconducting (Google [4]) and ion-trap (IonQ [5]) technology platforms. The successful control of quantum features such as quantum entanglement and correlations can lead to quantum algorithms with incredible speed-ups in computational time. The famous results known as Grover’s [6] and Shor’s [7] algorithms, respectively, show
Data Loading...
