Optimal design procedure of a high-torque-density dual-stator consequent-pole Vernier PM machine
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Optimal design procedure of a high‑torque‑density dual‑stator consequent‑pole Vernier PM machine Mozaffar Vali1 · Taher Niknam2 · Hamed Gorginpour3 · Bahman Bahmani‑Firouzi1 Received: 10 December 2019 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract It can be concluded from the results of the previously published studies that the dual-stator consequent-pole Vernier PM machine introduces several advantages including higher torque per PM volume density, lower cogging torque, improved efficiency and simpler and more robust structure in comparison with the other presented structures. However, the optimal design procedure of the machine is not established yet. The importance of this issue is because of different geometry than conventional radial flux machines, unbalanced magnetic forces and mechanical and thermal limitations. In this paper, design variables are selected based on sensitivity analyses using FE method. Then, the objective function is defined as maximizing torque, efficiency and power factor and minimizing cogging torque. Several design constrained are imposed on the geometry dimensions, current densities and magnetic flux densities in different regions and mechanical forces. Magnetic equivalent circuit model is implemented for predicting the machine performance by varying the design parameters in each iteration of population-based optimization algorithm. The results of an optimum designed 10 kW machine with 2 kNm torque for inwheel electric vehicle application are verified using 3D FE method. Keywords Consequent-pole Vernier PM machine · Flux modulation · Flux density distribution · Finite element method · Spatial harmonics
1 Introduction The research interest on high-torque electric drives has greatly increased in recent years due to the importance of developing the renewable energy conversion systems and application of electric vehicles [1]. Several structures * Hamed Gorginpour [email protected] Mozaffar Vali [email protected] Taher Niknam [email protected] Bahman Bahmani‑Firouzi [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
2
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Shiraz University of Technology, P. O. Box: 7155713876, Shiraz, Iran
3
Engineering Department, Persian Gulf University, P. O. Box: 7516913817, Bushehr, Iran
have been proposed for these high-torque drives. Most of the reported structures that can successfully develop high torque at low speed are special PM machines with modified geometry, modified PM arrays and using several stators and rotors in comparison with conventional configuration [2]. Also, other design properties in addition to high torque capability are important including high torque-to-overall volume ratio, high torque-to-PM volume ratio and producing smooth torque waveform with low pulsation magnitude. There is a continuous tendency in reducing the PM material usage for obtaining a specified torque due to the
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