Optimal Periodic Control

This research monograph deals with optimal periodic control problems for systems governed by ordinary and functional differential equations of retarded type. Particular attention is given to the problem of local properness, i.e. whether system performance

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1313

Fritz Colonius

Optimal Periodic Control

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo

Author

Fritz Colonius Institut fur Dynamische Systeme, Universitat Bremen Fb 3 Postfach 330440, 2800 Bremen 33, Federal Republic of Germany

Mathematics Subject Classification (1980): 49-02, 49B 10, 49B27, 93-02, 34K35 ISBN 3-540-19249-2 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 0-387-19249-2 Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is only permitted under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its version of June 24, 1985, and a copyright fee must always be paid. Violations fall under the prosecution act of the German Copyright Law.

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1988 Printed in Germany Printing and binding: Druckhaus Beltz, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 2146/3140-543210

To Didi Hinrichsen, who taught me how to do mathematics

CONTENTS

Chapter

II

Page

INTRODUCTION

1

OPTIMIZATION THEORY

8

1. First Order Optimality Conditions "2. Second Order Optimality Conditions 3. Further Results III

IV

V

VI

VII

8 18

28

RETARDED FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

31

1. Structure Theory of Linear Equations 2. Extendability to the Product 3. Nonlinear Equations

31 39 44

STRONG LOCAL MINIMA

48

1. Problem Formulation 2. A Global Maximum Principle

48

WEAK LOCAL MINIMA

65

1. Problem Formulation 2. First Order Necessary Optimality Conditions 3. Second Order Necessary Optimality Conditions

65

LOCAL RELAXED MINIMA

86

1. 2. 3. 4.

86 92

Problem Formulation Relations between Ordinary and Relaxed Problems First Order Necessary Optimality Conditions Second Order Necessary Optimality Conditions

51

69

79

96

101

TESTS FOR LOCAL PROPERNESS

104

1. Problem Formulation 2. Analysis of First Order Conditions

104 106

VIII

IX

3. The n-Test 4. The High-Frequency n-Test 5. Strong Tests

115 122 127

A SCENARIO FOR LOCAL PROPERNESS

129

1. Problem Formulation 2. Controlled Hopf Bifurcations 3. Example: Periodic Control of Retarded Lienard Equations

129 131 136

OPTIMAL PERIODIC CONTROL OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 145 1. 2. 3. 4.

Problem Formulation Necessary Optimality Conditions Local Properness under State Constraints Example: Controlled Hopf Bifurcation in a Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)

REFERENCES

145 146 149 151 167

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1. These notes are concerned with optimal periodic control for ordinary and functional differential equations of retarded type. In its simplest version this problem can be stated as follows:

Consider a controlled system

x( t)

f(x(t),u(t)),

t E R+:= [O,co)

( 1)

where x(t) ERn, u(t) E Rm. Look for a T-periodic control function u and a corresponding T-periodic traje