Optimal reconfiguration and DG integration in distribution networks considering switching actions costs using tabu searc
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Optimal reconfiguration and DG integration in distribution networks considering switching actions costs using tabu search algorithm Ali Bagheri1 · Mohammad Bagheri2 · Alireza Lorestani3 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The penetration of distributed generation (DG) units has been steadily increasing in distribution networks (DNs). However, oversizing and improper locating or operating of them can increase the losses or deteriorate the voltage profile. In this regard, distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) can be envisioned as a solution to maximize the DG penetration while improving the voltage profile and minimizing the losses. So, a study on DNR with the presence of DGs is necessary, in which the switching action costs are taken into consideration, since they can impose an extra cost on the daily operations. This study proposes a solution to solve the siting, sizing, and operating of DGs and DNR problems simultaneously considering switching action costs, losses costs, and reactive power generation of DGs. To consider the reactive power limits, their capability curve (P–Q curve) is included in the model. DNR is a combinatorial optimization problem, while the entire problem is modeled as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. To solve that, tabu search algorithm (TSA) as one of the most efficient global solver for combinatorial problems is used, and its results are validated by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. To enlighten the effectiveness of the proposed approach, 5 scenarios are defined on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus test systems. The results are also compared to previous studies. It is shown that, thanks to embedding the reactive power generation and switching costs at the same time, maximum loss reductions can be realized, while the results are more realistic and reliable. Keywords Reconfiguration · Distributed generation (DG) · Particle swarm optimization (PSO) · Tabu search algorithm (TSA) · Distribution network (DN)
1 Introduction The power losses are a common problem in distributed networks (DNs). In this respect, there are various methods presented in the literature to address and deal with that. Some examples are distributed network reconfiguration (DNR), optimal siting and sizing of distributed generations (DGs) (Muhtazaruddin et al. 2014), optimal usage of distributed flexible AC transmission system (Nazari et al. 2018), short term scheduling of active-reactive power of DGs (Kusakana * Ali Bagheri [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Yadegar Emem (RAH)‑Shahre Rey, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
3
Integrated Community Energy and Harvesting Research Lab., Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
2018), optimal placement of capacitor (Rahiminejad et al. 2016), demand response (Chauhan and Saini 2017), to name just
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