Optimization insisted watermarking model: hybrid firefly and Jaya algorithm for video copyright protection
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METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATION
Optimization insisted watermarking model: hybrid firefly and Jaya algorithm for video copyright protection Saud S. Alotaibi1
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this digital era, illegitimate redistribution and protection of digital multimedia have to turn out to be the critical issue. Therefore, digital watermarking has been introduced for avoiding illegitimate works and also to ensure security and authentication as well. ‘‘Digital video watermarking is a method to hide some kind of data like audio, image, text into digital video sequences which is nothing but orders of successive still images.’’ This paper intends to formulate a novel video watermarking framework that includes three stages, such as (i) optimal video frame prediction, (ii) watermark embedding process and (iii) watermark extraction process. Very first, the optimal frames are determined using a new hybrid algorithm termed trial-based update on Jaya plus firefly (TU-JF) algorithm, in such a way that the peak signal-tonoise ratio (PSNR) should be maximal. The frames are assigned with a label of one or zero, where label one denotes the frame with better PSNR (can select for embedding process) and label zero denotes the frame with reduced PSNR (cannot be used for embedding). Consequently, a data library is formed from the obtained results, where each frame of videos is determined with their gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features and labels (can embed or not). As in the proposed model, the optimal frame prediction is carried out using deep belief network (DBN) framework; the obtained data are then trained in the model. The optimal frames could be predicted in an efficient manner while testing. The significant contribution of this work concerns the optimization of hidden neurons in the DBN framework, which helps to enhance prediction accuracy. At last, the ‘‘watermark embedding process’’ and ‘‘watermark extraction process’’ are done by which the image could be embedded within the optimal frames. Keywords Video watermarking TU-JF algorithm GLCM features Deep belief network Error measures
1 Introduction In today’s digital world, individuals can randomly access digital medium from networks owing to the speedy development in network technology (Madine et al. 2018; Sake and Tirumala 2018). For protecting digital information, copyright protection has to turn out to be a better option with the exploitation of digital watermarking (Liu et al. 2017; Su et al. 2017). Security protection measures can be used to prevent illegal attackers. The safeguarding
Communicated by V. Loia. & Saud S. Alotaibi [email protected] 1
Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Systems, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
of intellectual property turns out to be significant for the public and that still needs to concentrate more. This was a severe threat to copyright owners and digital media (Loganathan and Kaliy
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