Optimization of the Main Parameters of Separation of Bulk Materials in Vertical Cascade Classifiers
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Vol. 61, No. 2, July, 2020
PRODUCTION AND EQUIPMENT OPTIMIZATION OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF SEPARATION OF BULK MATERIALS IN VERTICAL CASCADE CLASSIFIERS E. M. Barsky1,2 Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 10 – 13, March, 2020.
Original article submitted December 15, 2019. The analysis of the main regularities of distribution of the material in stages of the vertical cascade makes it possible to substantiate the optimality of some important parameters of separation. It is shown that the best efficiency of separation can be attained as a result of feeding of the source material into the central part of the cascade. In this case, the number of stages should be restricted because the efficiency of separation decreases as the number of stages increases. The proposed analysis also reveals some shortcomings of the generally accepted velocity-based hypothesis in the theory of gravitational processes, which occupies a central place in the analyzed theory until now. Keywords: separation, cascade, efficiency, optimization, fractional extraction.
main properties of the material are almost identical within a single class. In [1], in the course of development of a cascade model of the process, we established the dependences for the distribution of narrow size classes over the stages of the cascade. In the upper part of the cascade, for 1 £ i £ i·, this expression takes the form
The processes of separation of loose materials according to particle sizes or density are extensively used in various branches of industry. Recent years are marked by the development of various types of cascade separators successively applied for the separation of powders with sizes with the range from 1 mm to 5 – 7 mm. In the general case, a cascade separator is a vertical chamber formed by sections with identical or different designs one of which is used for the delivery of the source material. These devices prove to be quite promising because their separating ability can be readily and predictably changed by varying the number of stages in the cascade, by shifting the site of feeding of the source material along the height of the device, and by using sections of different designs in a single device.
(1)
where ri is the content of a narrow size class in the stage i; i is the number of stage of the cascade counting from the top; z is the number of stages in the cascade (the stages are counted from the top to the bottom); i· is the stage used to feed the source material for separation, and k is the coefficient of separation in one stage, k = ri–1/ri (Fig. 1b ). It was proved that the separation coefficient is constant for a fixed narrow size class in a cascade with identical stages. It is natural that, for the other classes, the distribution coefficient takes different values, which are also constant for all stages of the cascade. We managed to determine the values of this coefficient depending on the sizes and some other
MAIN DEFINITIONS The granulometric characteristics of loose materials used in the process of separation can be represente
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