Optoheterodyne Doppler measurements of the ballistic expansion of the products of the shock wave-induced surface destruc
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Optoheterodyne Doppler Measurements of the Ballistic Expansion of the Products of the Shock Wave-Induced Surface Destruction: Experiment and Theory A. V. Andriyasha, M. V. Astashkinb, V. K. Baranovb, A. G. Golubinskiib, D. A. Irinichevb, A. N. Kondrat’eva*, S. E. Kuratova, V. A. Mazanovb, D. B. Rogozkina,c, S. N. Stepushkinb, and V. Yu. Khatunkinb a All-Russia
Research Institute of Automatics, ul. Sushchevskaya, Moscow, 127055 Russia Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF), Russian Federal Nuclear Center, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod oblast, 607188 Russia c National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
b All-Russia
Received November 5, 2015
Abstract—The results of optoheterodyne Doppler measurements of the ballistic expansion of the products of surface destruction under shock-wave loading are presented. The possibility of determining the physical characteristics of a rapidly flying dust cloud, including the microparticle velocities, the microparticle sizes, and the areal density of the dust cloud, is shown. A compact stand for performing experiments on shock-wave loading of metallic samples is described. Shock-wave loading is performed by a 100-μm-thick tantalum flyer plate accelerated to a velocity of 2.8 km/s. As the samples, lead plates having various thicknesses and the same surface roughness are used. At a shock-wave pressure of 31.5 GPa, the destruction products are solid microparticles about 50 μm in size. At a pressure of 42 and 88 GPa, a liquid-drop dust cloud with a particle size of 10–15 μm is formed. To interpret the spectral data on the optoheterodyne Doppler measurements of the expansion of the surface destruction products (spalled fragments, dust microparticles), a transport equation for the function of mutual coherence of a multiply scattered field is used. The Doppler spectra of a backscattered signal are calculated with the model developed for the dust cloud that appears when a shock wave reaches the sample surface at the parameters that are typical of an experimental situation. Qualitative changes are found in the spectra, depending on the optical thickness of the dust cloud. The obtained theoretical results are in agreement with the experimental data. DOI: 10.1134/S1063776116050150
1. INTRODUCTION The experimental investigations of the processes that accompany the destruction of shock-loaded metal samples are based on various methods of measuring the physical characteristics of the destruction products (piezoelectric pins, Asay foils, X-ray shadowgraphy, etc.) [1–15]. Optoheterodyne Doppler velocimetry (or photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV)) is widely used in the last decade to study the dynamic processes that accompany the arrival of a shock wave at the surface of a material [16] (see also [10, 11, 13–15, 17–28]). One of the advantages of this method is the possibility of simultaneous recording of the velocities of several or even a very large number of objects in a probing zone. It is the situa
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