Oxidative stress responses to cadmium in the seedlings of a commercial seaweed Sargassum fusiforme
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Oxidative stress responses to cadmium in the seedlings of a commercial seaweed Sargassum fusiforme Tiantian Zhang1, Minheng Hong1, Mingjiang Wu1, 2, Binbin Chen1, 2*, Zengling Ma1, 2* 1 College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China 2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection,
Wenzhou 325035, China Received 18 November 2019; accepted 23 December 2019 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common heavy metal pollutant in the aquatic environment, generally toxic to plant growth and leading to growth inhibition and biomass reduction. To study the oxidation resistance in Sargassum fusiforme seedlings in response to inorganic Cd stress, we cultured the seedlings under two different Cd levels: natural seawater and high Cd stress. High Cd stress significantly inhibited the seedlings growth, and darkened the thalli color. Additionally, the pigment contents, growth rate, peroxidase (POD) activity, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content, and glutathione reductase (GR) activity in S. fusiforme were significantly reduced by high Cd treatment. Contrarily, the Cd accumulation, Cd2+ absorption rate, dark respiration/net photosynthetic rate (Rd/Pn), ascorbic acid (Vc) content, soluble protein (SP) content, glutathione (GSH), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) of S. fusiforme under Cd treatment significantly increased compared to the control group. The decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) was not significant. Although S. fusiforme seedlings increased the antioxidant activities of POD, SOD, Vc, and the AsA-GSH cycle to disseminate H2O2 and maintain healthy metabolism, high Cd stress caused Cd accumulation in the stem and leaves of S. fusiforme seedlings. The excessive Cd significantly restricted photosynthesis and reduced photosynthetic pigments in the seedlings, resulting in growth inhibition and deep morphological color, especially of the stems. High levels of Cd in seawater had toxic effects on commercial S. fusiforme seedlings, and risked this edible seaweed for human food. Key words: Sargassum fusiforme, cadmium stress, oxidation resistance, photosynthesis, aquaculture, marine pollution Citation: Zhang Tiantian, Hong Minheng, Wu Mingjiang, Chen Binbin, Ma Zengling. 2020. Oxidative stress responses to cadmium in the seedlings of a commercial seaweed Sargassum fusiforme. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 39(10): 147–154, doi: 10.1007/s13131-020-1630-0
1 Introduction Heavy metal contamination caused by anthropogenic activities is one of the major worldwide environmental problems affecting water, soil, plant, animal and human health (MorenoJiménez et al., 2016; Du et al., 2018). Due to the potential risk to human health via the food chain (Xie et al., 2015), there has been an explosion in research on heavy metals and their effects on plant growth and development, and more specifically the tolerance of plants to Cd stress
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