Pain resilience, pain catastrophizing, and executive functioning: performance on a short-term memory task during simulta
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Pain resilience, pain catastrophizing, and executive functioning: performance on a short‑term memory task during simultaneous ischemic pain Dominic W. Ysidron1 · Janis L. France1 · Lina K. Himawan1 · Christopher R. France1
Received: 26 September 2019 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Among pain researchers there is a growing interest in the relationship between psychological resilience and pain experience. Whereas much of this work has focused on individual differences in pain perception or sensitivity, an equally important dimension of resilience is the capacity to persist with goal-directed activity despite experiencing pain. Consistent with this latter focus, the current study examined how pain resilience and pain catastrophizing combine to moderate the effects of ischemic pain on shortterm memory task performance. Using a within-subjects design, 121 healthy participants completed four trials of a Corsi block-tapping task with pain exposure during the second and fourth trials. Results indicated that a combination of high pain resilience and low pain catastrophizing was associated with better task performance during the second pain exposure. These findings confirm existing evidence that resilience can moderate performance during pain, and offer new evidence that resilience and catastrophizing interact to shape this effect. Keywords Pain resilience · Pain catastrophizing · Memory task performance · Ischemic pain
Introduction Pain is a multifaceted construct that reflects a combination of cognitive, affective, and sensory experiences. In the past, psychological research on individual differences in * Christopher R. France [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, 251 Porter Hall, Athens, OH 45701, USA
responsivity to chronic pain has been primarily examined through the lens of vulnerability, focusing on factors (e.g., pain catastrophizing, kinesphobia, depressed mood) that promote increased pain intensity, negative affect, and disability (Banks & Kerns, 1996; Gatchel et al., 2007; Quartana et al., 2009; Sturgeon & Zautra, 2010; Turk & Wilson, 2010). Increasingly, however, researchers are acknowledging the role of psychosocial resilience in understanding adaptation to acute and chronic pain, and as a result more attention has been devoted to protective factors including but not limited to positive affect, hope, optimism, pain acceptance, and pain self-efficacy (Jackson et al., 2014; Probst et al., 2019; Sturgeon & Zautra, 2013). This theoretical shift is supported by emerging evidence that vulnerability and resilience factors contribute independently to pain adaptation (Alschuler et al., 2016; France et al., 2020). Whereas most studies investigating pain resilience have focused on clinical outcomes, a small body of experimental research has produced similar findings. In addition to demonstrating consistency with the clinical literature, these experimental designs have been used to allow for the investigation of f
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