Palaeozoic Fishes
I have revised Moy-Thomas's widely used book on Palaeozoic fishes in an attempt to incorporate some of the considerable advances that have been made in this field over the last 30 years, which have in some respects made the first edition seriously out-of-
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PALAEOZOIC FISHES J. A. MOY-THOMAS SECOND EDITION EXTENSIVELY REVISED
BY
R. S. MILES
CHAPMAN
AND
HALL LTD
II NEW FETTER LANE· LONDON EC4
First published 1939 by Methuen and Co. Ltd. Second edition extensively revised by R. S. Miles 1971 published by Chapman and Hall Ltd, 11 New Fetter Lane, London ECAP 4EE Photoset in Malta by St. Paul's Press Ltd.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-6467-2 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-6465-8 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6465-8 © 1971 J. Moy-Thomas and R. S. Miles Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1971 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Contents
Preface Introduction
1.1. Conspectus, 1; 1.2. Evolution of jaws, 2; 1.3. Fossil record, 4; 1.4. Environment,6; 1.5. Classification,7; References, 8; Bibliography, 9. 2 Class Cephalaspidomorphi
2.1. Classification, 10; 2.2. Cephalaspidomorph characteristics, 11; 2.3. Infraclass 1, Osteostraci, 12; 2.3.1. Structure, 13; 2.3.2. Growth and life history, 19; 2.3.3. Diversity and tendencies in evolution, 20; 2.4. Infraclass 2, Anaspida, 23; 2.4.1 Structure, 24; 2.4.2. Growth,26; 2.4.3. Diversity, 27; 2.5. Infraclass 3, Petromyzonida, 27; 2.5.1. Structure, 27; 2.6. Incertae sedis Palaeospondylus. 28; 2.7. Mode of life, 29; References, 31. 3 Class Pteraspidomorphi
3.1.· Classification, 35; 3.2. Pteraspidomorph characteristics, 36; 3.3. Subclass 1, Heterostraci, 36; 3.3.1. Structure, 36; 3.3.2. Growth and the evolution of the shield, 41; 3.3.3. Diversity and interrelationships, 45; 3.3.4. Mode of life, 49; 3.4. Incertae sedis Polybranchiaspis, 52; 3.5. Subclass 2, Thelodonti, 53; 3.5.1. Structure, 53; 3.5.2. Diversity and affinities, 55; 3.6. Relationships of agnathans, 56; References, 57. 4 Subclass Acanthodii
4.1. Classification, 61; 4.2. Acanthodian characteristics, 61; 4.2.1. Structure,63; 4.2.2. Diversity and tendencies in evolution, 71; v
PALAEOZOIC FISHES
4.2.3. Mode of life, 75;
References-, 76.
5 Subclass Osteichthyes. Infraclass Actinopterygii
5.1. Classification, 79; 5.2. Osteichthyan characteristics, 80; 5.3. Infraclass Actinopterygii, 81; 5.4. Superorder 1, Chondrostei, 86; 5.5. Order 1, Palaeoniscida, 86; 5.5.1. Structure, 87; 5.5.2. Suborder 1, Palaeoniscoidei, 91; 5.5.3. Suborder 2, Platysomidei, 94; 5.6. Order 2, Haplolepidida, 97; 5.7. Order 3, Tarrasiida, 97; 5.8. Order 4, Phanerorhynchida, 98; 5.9. Order 5, Dorypterida, 99; 5.10. Superorder 2, Holostei, 99; 5.11. Order 1, Semionotida, 100; 5.12. Tendencies in evolution, 102; References, 105. 6 Subclass Osteichthyes. Infraclass Crossopterygii
6.1. Classification, 110; 6.2. Crossopterygian characteristics, 111; 6.3. Superorder 1, Rhipidistia, 113; 6.3.1. Structure, 114; 6.3.2. Order 1, Holoptychiida, 122; 6.3.3. Order 2, Osteolepidida, 125; 6.3.4. Order 3, Rhizodontida, 126; 6.3.5. Tendencies in evolution, 127; 6.4. Superorder 2, Actinistia, 127; 6.4.1. St
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