Pancreatic involvement in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases
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Pancreatic involvement in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases Sabrina Cardile, Antonino Randazzo, Simona Valenti, Claudio Romano Messina, Italy
Data sources: A systematic review of the literature was made to analyze latest studies on pancreatic involvement in children with IBD including our experience in assessing possible implications and its future application. Results: The involvement of the hepatobiliary system is considered a rare EIM of children with IBD, with an incidence much higher than that in the general population. Isolated pancreatic hyperenzymemia, which occurs in the absence of typical symptoms and/or characteristic imaging findings, may be found in many patients with IBD. The frequent causes of pancreatitis are drugs, bilio-pancreatic disorders, immunologic disturbances and pancreatic auto-antibodies, although in some cases idiopathic forms have been described. Conclusions: It is important to establish a correct diagnostic approach based on etiology and to assess the most appropriate therapeutic strategy, thus avoiding complications and improving the quality of life of children with IBD. World J Pediatr 2015;11(3):207-211
Author Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, IBD Unit, University of Messina Via Consolare Valeria, Messina 98125, Italy (Cardile S, Randazzo A, Valenti S, Romano C) Corresponding Author: Claudio Romano, Pediatrics Department, IBD Unit, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina 98125, Italy (Tel: 390902212918, 390902212919; Fax: 390902213788; Email: [email protected]) doi: 10.1007/s12519-015-0029-z ©Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015. All rights reserved.
World J Pediatr, Vol 11 No 3 . August 15, 2015 . www.wjpch.com
Key words: Crohn's disease; extraintestinal manifestations; inflammatory bowel diseases; pancreatitis; ulcerative colitis
Introduction
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nflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic relapsing inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract, most commonly represented by Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs have the potential risk of involving organs other than the intestinal tract, and systems (joints, skin, bones, liver, eyes, and pancreas), and can affect morbidity and mortality of IBD patients. They are defined as extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) and may have a mild and transient or debilitating course. Some EIMs are closely related to inflammation or autoimmune phenomena, while others are the result of nutritional or metabolic disorders.[1] In children, the incidence of EIMs seems to vary between 21% and 47%. Dotson et al[2] reported an incidence of EIMs of approximately 28% in children with IBD (1009 patients
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