Particulate Matter Monitoring and Assessment through Internet of Things: a Health Information System for Enhanced Living
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MOBILE & WIRELESS HEALTH
Particulate Matter Monitoring and Assessment through Internet of Things: a Health Information System for Enhanced Living Environments Gonçalo Marques 1
&
Rui Pitarma 2
Received: 15 September 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 / Published online: 11 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract People spend most of their time inside buildings. Therefore, indoor air quality monitoring contributes to improve health and wellbeing. Several studies focus on the critical impact of particulate matter on residential air quality. In 2016, particulate matter caused 412 thousand premature deaths in 41 European countries. This paper presents the development of an affordable health information system for enhanced living environments. The authors propose a cost-effective, modular, scalable, and easy installation solution for particulate matter monitoring. The system is connected to ThingSpeak. It can be installed in any type of building. It requires only a power source and a Wi-Fi network with internet access. The main contribution of this paper is to present the detailed architecture and testing results. The particulate matter monitoring system was installed for one week in a domestic kitchen with an open fireplace. The results showed impact of the biomass burning on indoor air quality. The mean values per day ranged from: 10.53 to 50.62 μg/m3 for PM1.0, 15.35 to 69.37 μg/m3 for PM2.5, and 20.1 to 90.69 μg/m3 for PM10. The maximum values per hour were registered at 13:00: 72.14 μg/m3 for PM1.0, 99.70 μg/m3 for PM2.5, and 132.13 μg/m3 for PM10. Cost-effective sensors do not have the accuracy level of industrial equipment. Therefore, they should not be used for numerical and in-depth accurate characterization of the environment. Nevertheless, continuous particulate matter monitoring provides consistent data series for analysis of indoor air quality evolution. Keywords Enhanced living environments . Health informatics . Indoor air quality . Internet of things
Introduction The continuous computer science improvements contribute to the development and design of cyber-physical systems for enhanced health and well-being. Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) has shown to be applicable for recording people’s daily routine activities, which is suitable to promote health and wellThis article is part of the Topical Collection on Mobile & Wireless Health * Gonçalo Marques [email protected] Rui Pitarma [email protected] 1
Polytechnic of Coimbra, ESTGOH, Rua General Santos Costa, 3400-124 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal
2
CISE – Electro-mechatronic Systems Research Centre, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
being [1]. Cyber-physical systems and IoT enable the development of health information ecosystem that include medical sensors, microcontrollers, wireless communication technologies, and open-source software platforms for data visualization and analytics [2, 3]. The pervasive potential of IoT systems to address several healthcar
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