Passive-adaptive mechanical wave manipulation using nonlinear metamaterial plates
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O R I G I NA L PA P E R
T. A. Emerson · J. M. Manimala
Passive-adaptive mechanical wave manipulation using nonlinear metamaterial plates
Received: 17 April 2020 / Revised: 23 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In many controlled acoustics applications, it is desirable to engineer passive-adaptive manipulation of mechanical waves through waveguides based solely on varying dynamic input. We investigate the potential of achieving this using experiments on several types of nonlinear acoustic metamaterial plates. By tuning the amplitude-dependent response of locally resonant attachments and tailoring their patterning on or within a host plate-type medium, amplitude-activated shifts in bandgap frequency ranges could be utilized to tailor the direction and bandwidth of wave propagation through such metamaterials. Prototype test articles for passive-adaptive wave rejection, steering, sorting and selective beaming were constructed and tested using customized rigs. The location, extent and shift of bandgaps were experimentally and numerically verified. Scalable waveguide designs are experimentally evaluated for low (150–250 Hz) and much higher (16–20 kHz) frequency ranges. The potential to steer and sort waves in a tunable frequency range toward specific regions or paths within the waveguide is demonstrated. With current precision and hybrid fabrication techniques attaining commercial maturity, metamaterials-based approaches offer great promise in realizing waveguides with built-in, adaptive functionalities related to filtering, transduction and actuation for mechanical waves.
1 Introduction The advent of acoustic metamaterials (AMs) as a flourishing field of research has opened up several new possibilities to engineer structural materials and systems that display novel mechanical wave manipulation phenomena [1]. The chronological path to AMs originates from work on their electromagnetic counterparts [2,3]. Pioneering work [4–9] on various approaches to tailor the unique dynamic characteristics of AMs has resulted in potential solutions for challenging engineering problems [1,10,11]. Among the various classes of AMs, the locally resonant class [12–18] has been investigated extensively. Locally resonant AMs, while being attractive for their ability to display stop bands for tunable frequency ranges, still merit further refinement to overcome limitations associated with parasitic mass addition, retention of primary load-bearing capability, as well as adaptivity to a varying dynamic loading environment. In this context, the incorporation of several different types of elements [19–21] including nonlinear elements [22–26] within the local engineered configurations or host structure or material of locally resonant AMs has been studied in order to enrich their dynamic characteristics. This approach can provide adaptive behavior based not just on the frequency but also on the amplitude of dynamic load inputs. Moreover, deploying such a nonlinear AMs in a plate-type format [27–34] cou
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