Patterns of esophageal dysmotility elicited by multiple rapid swallows
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Patterns of esophageal dysmotility elicited by multiple rapid swallows Micheal Tadros1,2 · Victoria Tran1 · Virali Shah1 · Michael Yodice1 Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © The Japan Esophageal Society 2020
Abstract Background High-resolution manometry (HRM) is a gastrointestinal motility diagnostic system that measures intraluminal pressures using closely aligned sensors. Multiple rapid swallows (MRS) are used in conjunction with HRM to assess esophageal physiology prior to anti-reflux and hiatal hernia procedures. Methods A retrospective, qualitative study was conducted on 90 patients who underwent HRM with MRS in a single community clinic. 80 patients met the inclusion criteria. MRS testing consisted of rapid 2 mL swallows in 2–3 s intervals with patients in a seated, upright position. Clinical information was reviewed including indications for HRM, prior diagnostic workup, manometry, distal contractile integral (DCI), and integrated residual pressure (IRP). HRM studies were visualized using Manoview Analysis Software v3.0 (Medtronic). Results Certain esophageal dysmotility and pressurization manometry patterns were previously undetected on HRM alone. In our study, the addition of MRS was clinically helpful in (1) assessing contraction reserve, (2) highlighting features of jackhammer, (3) stimulating esophageal spasm, and (4) visualizing distal esophageal pressurization pattern with mechanical obstruction. Additionally, abnormal pathophysiology such as (5) paradoxical LES contraction (achalasia) and (6) loss of deglutition inhibition were identified. MRS had a diagnostic utility of 21.25% (n = 17) among the 80 patients. An intolerance rate of 7.7% (n = 7) was observed in patients unable to complete the protocol. Conclusions Augmentation of HRM with MRS produces unique manometric features that have clinical utility in uncovering esophageal disorders. MRS provocation testing is a practical, inexpensive, well-tolerated addition to HRM that may yield useful clinical information to guide complicated diagnoses and medical management. Keywords Multiple rapid swallow · Esophageal dysmotility · Chicago classification system
Introduction High-resolution manometry (HRM) is a diagnostic gastrointestinal motility system that measures intraluminal pressure activity in the GI tract using closely aligned sensors. Unlike conventional manometry in which sensors are spaced at 3–5 cm intervals, HRM involves sensors spaced 1 cm apart, allowing for improved esophageal motility measurements. Version 3.0 of the Chicago Classification (CC) was published in 2015 with updated guidelines on the use of HRM * Micheal Tadros [email protected] 1
Division of Gastroenterology‑Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
Albany Med Gastroenterology, 1769 Union Street 2nd Floor, Niskayuna Medical Arts Bldg., Schenectady, NY 12309, USA
2
to diagnose patients with esophageal motility disorders [1]. Provocative testing, like multiple rapid swallows (MRS) or rapid
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