Pentagonal Cobalt Boride Nanoparticles on the Polystyrene Granule Surface
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MATERIALS AND CERAMICS
Pentagonal Cobalt Boride Nanoparticles on the Polystyrene Granule Surface V. I. Nikolaichika, M. A. Gertsenb, A. S. Avilovb,*, D. Yu. Kornilovc, and S. P. Gubinc,d aInstitute
of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia b Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics,” Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117333 Russia c OOO AkKoLab, Moscow, 129110 Russia d Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117901 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received August 13, 2018; revised September 20, 2018; accepted October 8, 2018
Abstract—The morphology and structure of cobalt-containing nanoparticles Co2B on the surface of polystyrene microgranules have been investigated by a set of structural methods, including X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. It has been established that the nanoparticles are 30– 100 nm in size and have a spherical or pentagonal shape. It is shown that the nanoparticles have a cluster structure with an individual cluster size of several nanometers. The growth of pentagonal Co2B nanoparticles on the microgranule surface may be due to the processes similar to those occurring in wildlife during the formation of organisms and plants of pentagonal shape. DOI: 10.1134/S1063774519030192
INTRODUCTION Recently, much interest has been shown in the development of combined (composite) micro- and nanoobjects as potential building blocks of composite nanomaterials with a complex of predictable properties. A promising way of forming nanomaterials is to fix nanoparticles on the surface of spherical microgranules [1, 2]. The nanoparticles fixed on the surface retain their main physical characteristics but lose ability of easy compacting, being accessible for the interaction with external reagents. According to the data in the literature, chemical reduction of metals from salt solutions has been proved efficient for synthesizing various nanoparticles [3, 4]. There are different reduction techniques for the synthesis of polymer-bound nanoparticles. A reducing agent is usually slowly added in an inert atmosphere at room temperature or at a higher temperature when boiling in alcoholic, aqueous, hydroalcoholic, and other media in the case of noble metals. A reduced substance can be introduced directly with a polymer (then, the probability of preforming of macromolecular metal complexes in the system is higher) or a solution of a reducing agent and a polymer can be used. One of the reducing agents that is commonly used to fabricate metal nanoparticles is sodium borohydride NaBH4. It was reported in the literature that boron
may be incorporated in a particular form into nanoparticles formed. In this study, the morphology and structure of nanoparticles deposited on the polystyrene microgranule surface from a solution of cobalt chloride (CoCl2 · 6H2O) in the presence of NaBH4 we
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