Performance of litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.) based agri-horticultural land uses in rainfed condition on degraded land
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Performance of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) based agrihorticultural land uses in rainfed condition on degraded lands in North Western Himalayas, India Avinash Chandra Rathore . Harsh Mehta . N. K. Sharma . Anand Kumar Gupta . N. M. Alam . Sadikul Islam . Pradeep Dogra
Received: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract A field experiment was undertaken to identify profitable land use based on productivity, net present value, biomass and carbon stocks in litchi based land uses (LBLUs) during 1995–2015 established on degraded riverbed lands of western Himalaya, India. Results of LBLUs (20 years) revealed that LCT ? LH ? LPG land use produced 6.10–25.27%, 5.82–14.92% and 3.45–13.62% more fruit yield, 14.61–25.22%, 10.18–16.38% and 9.10–16.62% more total biomass, 2.95–9.51%, 0.03–4.54% and 1.60–8.26% higher carbon in soil and 6.93–14.76%, 4.60–10.03% and 6.29–13.14% more total carbon stocks as compared to sole litchi land use of 1st, 2nd and 3rd phase, respectively. Similarly, 80.39% and 78.56% more NPV, 11.74% and 19.77% higher BCR with shortest payback period (5 years) were realized in LCT ? LH ? LPG land use for 20 and 50 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis also revealed that changes in discount rate will not affect its performance ranking.
A. C. Rathore (&) H. Mehta N. K. Sharma A. K. Gupta S. Islam P. Dogra ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India e-mail: [email protected] N. M. Alam ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
Keywords Biomass and carbon stock Degraded land Land use productivity Profitability Rainfed Residues production
Introduction In India, 120.72 million hectares area (36.7%) is subjected to various forms of land degradation, of which, 73.3 (22.3%) million hectares are degraded due to water erosion (Anonymous 2010). Indian northwestern Himalayas are more vulnerable to land degradation due to eroded vegetation, and undulating and unconsolidated land. These lands are characterized as gravely riverbeds with shallow soil depth, high gravel content, poor organic carbon, etc. (Rathore et al. 2013). Moreover, climate change has emerged as a global issue affecting the Himalayas. This increases frequency of extreme events leading to higher resource degradation (Haile et al. 2008; Rathore et al. 2012). Fruit trees are an important component of agroforestry systems (AFSs) and cultivated with or without intercrops provide stable outputs to the farmers. The existence of fruit based land uses (FBLUs) have many advantages in reducing landslides, soil erosion, conserving moisture and carbon sequestration in addition to livelihood, nutritional security, income security and restoration of degraded lands (Yadav and Bisht 2014). Besides, FBLUs play an important role in carbon cycle
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Agroforest Syst
which reduces CO2 emissions and enhances carbon sinks to meet objectives of climate change adaptati
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