Periodic driving induced helical Floquet channels with ultracold atoms in momentum space
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THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
Regular Article
Periodic driving induced helical Floquet channels with ultracold atoms in momentum space? Teng Xiao1 , Dizhou Xie1 , Wei Gou1 , Tao Chen1 , Tian-Shu Deng2 , Wei Yi3,4 , and Bo Yan1,a 1
2 3 4
Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device of Physics Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei 230026, P.R. China Received 10 January 2020 / Received in final form 8 May 2020 Published online 7 July 2020 c EDP Sciences / Societ`
a Italiana di Fisica / Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature, 2020 Abstract. Employing the external degrees of freedom of atoms as synthetic dimensions renders easy and new accesses to quantum engineering and quantum simulation. As a recent development, ultracold atoms suffering from two-photon Bragg transitions can be diffracted into a series of discrete momentum states to form a momentum lattice. Here we provide a detailed analysis on such a system, and, as a concrete example, report the observation of robust helical Floquet channels, by introducing periodic driving sequences. The robustness of these channels against perturbations is confirmed, as a test for their topological origin captured by Floquet winding numbers. The periodic switching demonstrated here serves as a testbed for more complicated Floquet engieering schemes, and offers exciting opportunities to study novel topological physics in a many-body setting with tunable interactions.
1 Introduction First proposed by Feynman, quantum simulation offers an intriguing prospect toward an efficient understanding of complicated quantum many-body systems and difficult physical models in a quantum-mechanical fashion [1–3]. A common practice in quantum simulation is the so-called bottom-up approach, i.e., mapping the already known Hamiltonian to a carefully designed simulator, which provides opportunities for gaining insights of complex phenomena in diverse contexts, ranging from condensedmatter physics to quantum chemistry and nuclear physics. Concrete examples include quantum phase transitions in Hubbard models [4–7], high-Tc superconductivity [8,9], quantum magnetism and chaos [10–13], topological order [14–16], and lattice gauge theories [17–21]. Benefiting from the rapid development of experimental techniques of quantum manipulation, quantum simulation has become quite feasible, and has attracted much interest in a wide range of platforms including ultracold atoms [22], trapped ions [23], photons [24] and superconducting circuits [25]. ? Contribution to the Topical Issue “Topological Ultracold Atoms and Photonic Systems”, edited by G. Juzeli¯ unas, R. Ma, Y.-J. Lin
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